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高三课件 篇1
Reading:
Warming up
Look at the pictures and match each flower with its correct name
Which flower is your favorite? Explain why.
Pre-reading
Why was Carl Linnaeus important to the history of botany as a science?
His system of grouping plants in families was unique, which based on the arrangement of the male and female organs in the flowers.
While-reading
Fast reading
How many people are mentioned in the passage?
Carl Linnaeus Daniel Solander Joseph Banks Captain Cook
Careful reading
1. Before Linnaeus botany was ________．D
A．studied by doctors B．unknown to anyone C．fully developed D．a branch of medicine
2. Some economic species plants such as____ could help to develop local economies．C
A．rose and peony B．tea and apple C．cocoa and hemp D．Cocoa and lemon
3. It was ____ who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research．A
A．Joseph Banks B．Captain Cook C．Linnaeus D． Daniel Solander
4.Paragraph one of the text mainly tells us ___ ．C
A．the importance of botany B．how to classify plant species into groups
C．Linnaeus’contribution to botany D．Linnaeus’discoveries about different species
5.Captain Cook made ___voyages altogether around the world. C
A．one B．Two C．Three D.four
Post-reading
1. How did scientists classify plants before Linnaeus?
Some scientists classified plants into herbs and trees, or according to the shape of the fruit, or whether they had flowers or not.
2. What were the goals of James Cook’s first voyage around the world?
To study the passing of the planet Venus across the sun; to record, classify and describe all plant and animal life observed during the trip; to search for an unknown southern continent.
3. Why did Joseph Banks have to supply his own money to equip part of the expedition?
Because the government would not pay for such a new field of science as botany.
4. What could be a possible explanation for the name “strawberry”?
When people plant strawberry, they spread straw under the fruit to reduce the necessary amount of watering.
Translate the following phrases into English:
1. 详细地 in detail
2. 处于支配的地位，负责 in charge of
3. 由……负责 in the charge of
4. 任命某人为…… appoint sb. as
5.将……分类成 classify…into…
6. 计算……之间的距离 calculate the distance between…
7. 一代一代传下去 pass on from one generation to the next
8.建于……之上；以……为基础 be based on
9.参与; 陷入 ……的活动 be involved in
10.根据;视……而定；按照 according to
11.搜索；寻找 search for
12.总而言之 altogether
1.match…with （在品质；颜色；设计等方面）相等，相当，相配
2.at the age of 在……岁时
3.look out for 警惕;留心;守侯
4.on a large scale 大规模地;大范围地
5.year after year 年年;年复一年
6.pass away 逝世
7.name…after 给……取名;命名
8.in detail 详细
9.take care of 关心;照顾
10.classify…into 分类;归类
11.develop a lifelong friendship with 与……结存了终生好朋友
12.born into 出生
13.have an appetite for knowledge 有求知欲
14.appoint sb. as… 委派;任命某人为……
15.spread over 传播;流传
16.a great deal of 大量;许多(用于不可数名词)
17.lie in 在于
18.related to 与……有关
19.the key to 关键是(在于)
20.adapt to 适应于
21.be sunken into 堕入
Integrating skills
Scanning
Find out the important people mentioned in the text.
Charles Darwin From England Gregor Mendel From Austria
Gote Turesson From Sweden
Choose the best answers according to the passage
1. The research by Darwin, Mendel and Turesson shows that_ . C
A. genetics is more important than the environment to plants
B. genetics is less important than the environment to plants
C. both genetics and the environment are important to plants
D. neither genetics nor the environment is important to plants
2. Darwin observed that the birds with _ _ would eat_ . B
A. small beaks l hard seeds B．broad beaks；hard seeds
C. hard beaks；hard seeds D．broad beaks；soft seeds
3.Darwin joined the scientific expedition on _____ ． C
A. the Endeavour B.Tahiti C．the Beagle D．space
4. Scientists of the nineteenth century believed that . D
A．the development of new species was behind the influence of the environment
B．the development of new species and the influence of the environment were hand in hand
C．the development of new species had nothing to do with the influence of the environment
D the influence of the environment was behind the development of new species .
5. Darwin studied physics，chemistry and botany because_________ . B
A．he was invited to join scientific expedition
B．he was interested in them
C．he could do a lot Of experiments
D．he wanted to finish his book“On the Origin of Species”
Fill in the following blanks
Scientist
Research/experiment
Result
Charles Darwin
The wild life of Galapagos, many varieties of garden roses
There were differences between the species of the different islands’yet all showed a clear relationship with those of America’ differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.
Gregor Mendel
Flowers and peas
Many characteristics were passed on from one generation to the next, without influence by the environment. His research gave birth to the science of genetics.
Gote Turesson
A wild plant found on the Swedish west coast
Found evidence for the existence of stable varieties within species in nature. He showed that differences between plants of one species occurred as a result of the environmental conditions in their habitat.
The text can be divided into four parts
Part I Pa1-3: Darwin and his research.
Part II Pa4-5: Mendel and his experiment.
Part III Pa6: Turesson and his study
Part IV Pa7: the importance and significance of the research of the three.
Important sentences in the passage
1. It was Darwin’s visit on the Beagle to the Galapagos Isles that gave him the key to his new theory.
2. Back home, in England, Darwin realized that differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.
3. As a result of Darwin and Mendel’s research, scientists of the nineteenth century formed the belief that that influence of the environment was behind the development of new species.
4. It would take a next generation of scientists to bring the importance of the environment on species back in view.
Unit 5 Getting the message
Reading:
Look at the pictures on page37 and fill in the chart
Items
Ad 1
Ad 2
Ad 3
The products they persuade you to buy
Advanced electronic roducts
Shampoo
Soft drinks
How to persuade
By using abstract design, slogan and pictures
By using wonderful pictures ,slogan and realistic products
By using wonderful pictures, slogan and products
The message each ad gives
High quality,
Help customers to succeed
Create beauty,bring happiness and love to customers
Help athletes to refresh themselves.
How is the information conveyed
Pictures, slogan, spokesman
Products,slogan, pictures
Pictures,slogan, products
Words related to advertising
advertise, advertisement advertiser, brand, post, spokesman, spokeswoman, designer, entertain, promote, customer, slogan, text, writer mislead, humorous, persuasive, broadcast, annoy, appeal to
Pre-reading
Collect advantages and disadvantages of advertisements from the students
Advantages Disadvantages
Provide information Mislead customers
Increase sales Give false or incorrect information
Make the public aware of social problem Raise the price of products
…
1.the first form of advertising : in Greece and Egypt around 1500 B.C.
2.the first printed advertisement: in London 1477
3.the first commercials on radio: about 1920
4.the first commercial on TV: after World War 2
Reading Find out the main idea for each paragraph
Pa1: Ads are found almost everywhere
Pa2: People react to advertisements in different ways.
Pa3: The basic principle of advertisements is to influence customers’ choices.
Pa4: Ads help companies and customers n a variety of ways.
Pa5: the most important function of advertising is to introduce new products.
Pa6: Governments and other organizations use ads to make people aware of government policies and social problems.
Pa7: Customers should be careful of illegal ads.
Pa8: Customers should learn to protect themselves from false ads and make smart choices.
Answer the following questions
Fast reading
1.What is people’s reaction to ads.? P2
2.What is the basic principle of advertising? P3
3.What is the most important function of ads? P5
4.what’s the advantage of good ads? P8
Careful reading
1.Why is advertising popular?
2.How does advertising help consumers and companies?
3.What is the basic principle behind advertisements?
4.Why do advertisers often have to work hard to attract people’s attention?
5.What is a “bait-and-switch” a?
6.How can we protect ourselves from misleading ads?
Choose the best answers:
1.The word “advertising” means to make a product known to . D
A managers through broadcast B leaders by radios
C firms by printed notices D people in various ways.
2.One advantage of advertising is that it helps . A
A increase product sales B make a product more expensive
C increase production D reduce the costs of a product
3.Advertising is a highly developed . B
A information B industry C trade D science
4.The development of radio, television, cinema, magazines and newspapers has with the development of advertising. B
A followed up B gone hand in hand C gone behind D taken place
5. The best chance to reach customers is to . C
A sell them the product B sell them what money can not buy: love, happiness and success.
C appeal to their emotions D reduce the price of the products.
6．The development of media has gone hand hand the development of advertising. C
A. by; by B. by; with C. in; with D. in; by
8.People react to advertisements in different ways.Because . 答案：A
A. ads are useful and entertaining to some people while annoying to others
B. ads are useful and entertaining C. ads are annoying
D.ads are not only useful and entertaining but annoying
9.When we buy an expensive product, can help us make the right decision. 答案：B
A. sellers B. ads C. our friends D. defenders
10.“Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits” means . 答案：D
A. all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
B. few ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
C. no ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
D. all ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
11.In order not to become easy target for ad makers, we must . 答案：A
A. distinguish between fiction and facts B. watch TV more often
C. believe all the ads D. never believe any ads
12.The best chance to reach customers for the advertisers is to . 答案：A
A. appeal to their emotions B. make interesting pictures
C. give customers proper prices D. send messages to customers
13.Paragraph 4 is mainly about . 答案：C
A. ads must increase the production B. ads must reduce the price of the production
C. ads must help companies and customers D. ads must make a product more expensive
14.Which sentence tells us the main idea of Paragraph 5? 答案：C
A. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the prices of the products.
B. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the types of the products.
C. The most important function of advertising is to introduce new products.
D. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the company where the products come from.
15.Why is advertising popular? 答案：C
A. Because ads are found in newspapers. B. Because ads are found on the Internet.
C. Because ads are found on TV. D. Because ads are found everywhere.
16.We can infer from the last sentence of the text that . 答案：C
A. we must learn to believe ads B. we must learn to accept ads
C. we must learn to analyse ads D. we must learn to accuse ads
T or F
1.People react to advertisements in different ways.( )
2.The basic principle of advertising is fairly difficult.( )
3.Since an increase in sales means an increase in production, the price may be increased, too. ( )
4.Truthful ads provide good information that helps customers to decide whether they want or need the advertised product.( )
5.Perhaps the most important function of advertising is to increase a company’s profits. ( )
6.By using the techniques developed by the advertising industry, governments and other non-profit organizations can spread knowledge, change attitudes and improve society.( )
7.All ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.( )
Difficult sentences
1.The development of radio ,television and other media has gone hand in hand with the development.
2.Customers see so many ads every day that advertisers must work hard to get their message across.
3.The best chance to reach customers is to appeal to their emotions.
4.First of all ,we should always keep an eye out for “hidden information”.
Integrating skills
Fill in the blanks for the revision
Advertising is a highly developed industry. It has gone hand in hand with radio, television and other media.
People react to ads in different ways. Some think ads are useful and help consumers
make informed choices while others accuse companies of using ads to mislead us. Companies can influence customers’ choices by introducing a brand name and by associating products with customers’ needs. There are so many ads for customers that advertisers must try to get their message across by appealing to their emotions.
Ads help companies and customers in all kinds of ways. They can help companies increase sales . At the same time , they help customers choose among all the available products. In fact, truthful ads provide good information,and help customers compare feathers, functions and costs. Some governments name a famous person as their spokesman or spokeswoman to make people aware
of their social problems and policies.
Customers should protect themselves by keeping an eye out for bad ads, telling false information from real facts and making good choices.
II Lead-in
1 what product do they persuade you to buy?
2 what information about product can you get?
3 How is the information conveyed?
4 What are the skills of making good ads?
III Reading
1 How do the ad-makers create a positive image of the product they are promoting?
2 How do ad-makers choose a name for the product?
3 What kind of slogans should be used to make the consumers to form a positive image? Can you give an example?
4 How are the ads presented ?
How to create a positive image of the product
Choose the words and brand names --- tell the consumer about the advantages of the product ---choose a funny name（use a well-known word--- choose names from old stories--- invent a new word ）
A good slogan（ should be catchy --- easy to remember --- convey a message）
Ads are started with a puzzle or question And presented in a humorous way
1.in order to 为的是;目的在于
2.take …into consideration 考虑某事物
pare…with… 把……与……比较(对比)
plain about 对某人与某物抱怨
5.in charge of… 负责;处于控制或支配的地位
6.hand in hand 手拉手;密切关联的
7.with the develop of 随着……发展
8.on the other hand 另一方面
9.get… across 传播或为人理解
10.instead of 代替(后面接名词代词动名词或介词短语)
11.appeal to 呼吁;上诉;投合(兴趣或心愿)
12.armed with用…… 做准备;备有
13.make sb. aware of 使人明白;觉察;意识到
14.keep an eye out for 留心或注意到某人或某事物
tect…from… 防护而不受
16.at the right time 在恰当的时候
17.point out to (向某人)指出;使注意
18.make sense 有意义;有道理;讲得通
19.accuse…of… 指责;控告
20.attach to 系;贴;固定;附着
21 differ from 不同于
22 attach to/connect with 附着/联想
23 attach importance to 给予重视
24 start with 以 开始
25 with the purpose of 以 为目的
26 point out 指出
27 refer to 指/参考
28 think twice 慎重考虑
Unit 6
Reading
Read the text then answer some questions.
1 When did we decide to move to another place? 1845,10
2 How long did the journey last? About a year
3 What is our first destination? India Greek in Kansas
4 Is the journey hard? Can you make some examples about it?
Yes, it is hard. You can make many examples.
Listening
Listen to the tape carefully then do these exercises.
Post-reading
Exercise1. True or False
1 We traveled alone. (F with many other families)
6 When a young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children and wait for help, I agreed. (F I didn’t agree.)
( )7 When the animals smelt the water, they all ran.
Exercise 2
Choose the best answers
1.The reason why my father wanted to go to California is that . 答案：C
A. California was in desert B. California was far away
C. California was a wonderful land described in a book
D. California was the largest state in the USA
2.People moving to the west would meet in . 答案：A
A. Kansas B. California C. Salt Lake Valley D. Salt Lake Desert
3.On which day did the author enter the Salt Lake Desert? 答案：B
A. April 12. B. November 4. C. October 15. D. December 25.
4.Why did the travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long Drive”? 答案：D
A Because the landscape was dry and barren. B. Because water was salty and not drinkable.
C. Because their water supply was so low. D. All of the above.
5.After the travelers burnt their wagons, they had to go on their feet with another miles to go. B
A.2 500 B.500 C.90 D.45
6.Why didn’t the author stay behind with the children and wait for help? A
A. Because that meant he/she would die.
B. Because he/she knew that children were tiresome.
C. Because he/she knew that there was a wagon waiting for him/her.
D. Because he/she felt he/she could get a prize by his/her father.
7.The animals almost ran when the travelers reached the edge of the desert, why? 答案：C
A. Because they were tired and weak. B. Because they had no burden.
C. Because they must have smelt the water. D. Because they went back to their home.
8.How long did the author spend finishing the journey? 答案：A
A. More than 40 months. B. About 2 months.
C. About a year. D. About a year and a month.
9.From the text, we can infer . 答案：D
A. the author and the travelers had to go all day and all night long
B. there was no oxen left when the travelers reached California
C. many travelers died when their days of hardship came to an end
D .it’s a long way to travel from the author’s hometown to California
10.The best title of the text is . 答案：B
A.A Journey To California B. Long Drive
C. The Salt Lake Desert D. Enjoy Your Life
Questions:
1 Where in the text do you find evidence that the wagons were not he most suitable means of transport? You can find your answers in paragraph 3.
2 Why did the travelers call their ninety mile-drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “long drive”?
We had to travel long without water or grass for the animals to eat. It was hard.
3 What can you learn from this reading passage? What impresses you most?
1)After suffering from many difficulties, we can live a better life. Facing the hardship, never give up, etc.
2)The courage of the people impresses me most.
1.believe in 信任;信耐
2.stand for 代表;代替
3.adapt to 适宜
4.lose heart 灰心;泄气
5.be cast away (被)抛弃
6.give up 放弃
7.less than 少于;不足
8.set off for 开始(旅程;赛跑);出发
9.move on 继续前进
10.take the way 出发;首途
11.lose one’s way 迷路
12.hang out 伸出
13.in desperate need of 在极度需要的(时候)
14.on our feet=on foot 步行
15.be accustomed to doing sth. (通常用于被动语态)习惯于
16.suffer from 患病;遭受……之苦
17.hurry on to (with) 赶紧办理;急急忙忙地去做某事
18.stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
19.start doing sth. 开始做某事
20.go on all fours 用四肢
21.(at)the edge of of (在)……边缘
22.stare at 瞪视; 凝视
e to an end 结束;终止
24.a race against time 与时间赛跑
25.save…from 挽救……免于
26.take up to 占用(时间;空间)
27.at stake 在危险中;关系重大
28.risk one’s life to 冒险去做某事
29.apply…to… 运用;应用
30.add up (两个或两个以上的数量或量)加起来
31.take it easy 别紧张;放松点
32.keep up 维持;保持;使某事处于高水平
mon sense 常识;情理
34.leave behind 忘带;留下
35. live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存
36.tie up 系;拴;捆
37.go for 为……去;努力获取
Unit 7
Step one . Answer the following questions.
1.When does the story happen ?
2.Who is Ebenezer Scrooge ? Which word is he always to comment everything ?
3.Who is Bob Cratchit ? What does he want to do ?
4.What does the gentleman want to do ? Has he Promised ? What happened to Scrooge ?
Step2.Judge the following sentences True or false
1.It was cold in scrooge’s office and Bob had to warm himself over the candles. T
2. Scrooge was willing to let Bob have a day off because it would be Christmas the next day. F
3. Scrooge was invited by his niece and he accepted happily. F
4. A gentleman arrived at Scrooge’s office because he wanted to collected money for the poor. T
5. Scrooge didn’t want to give the poor any money because he was poor himself. F
6. According to the dialogue, in Scrooge’s dream he met his old friend ------Jacob Marley. F
Step three : Fill in the blanks according the passage
It was the day before Christmas and the weather was terrible . Bob wanted to have a day off in order to have a good Christmas dinner but his boss , Scrooge, who was cold , mean and only interested in making money didn’t allow him to do so at first. Scrooge’s nephew--- Fred wanted to invite Scrooge to attend their Christmas dinner but he was refused . A gentleman who wanted bo connect some money for the poor was also turned down by Scrooge. At last when all the others left Scrooge had a dream , in which he Santa Claus
Integrating Skills
Divide the play into 3 parts. Try to find out what caused Scrooge to turn over a new leaf.
Find out something about the firs scene
Place:_ The place where Scrooge live once lived
The time when Scrooge was young.
Time: Young scrooge and his girlfriend
The girl wanted to be separated from Scrooge
Characters: Scrooge cared nothing except money
Event: He felt very uneasy.
In the second scene, Scrooge saw the Christmas party held in Bob Cratchit’s houses. Judge the following sentences True of False .
1.In the dream it was Christmas Eve and the Cratchits were having a Christmas dinner. 2. In the dream Tiny was ill but his father couldn’t afford the medicine for him.
3. These things really happened to the Cratchits. F
4. On seeing the scene Scrooge wanted to change his life.
5. Scrooge ordered a big Christmas tree for the cratchits’. F
Scene 3
From here we say the Scrooge turned over a new leaf. How did Bob Cratchit feel when he saw Scrooge and his turkey ? D
A. Satisfied B. Interested C. Angry D. Surprised
He hadn’t expected that Scrooge would be so generous
Choose the best answers
1.Christmas is traditionally celebrated on . 答案：B
A. December 24 B. December 25 C. December 30 D. December 31
2.Which of the following is not true according to the dialogue? 答案：A
A. The business is now owned by Scrooge and his partner, Marley.
B. Marley died on December 24th.
C. The gentleman tried to persuade Mr Scrooge to do something good for the poor.
D .Many thousands of people don’t have enough money to keep themselves warm.
3.Ebenezer Scrooge is . 答案：D
A. a warm-hearted boss B. a lazy kind boss
C. a hospitable boss D. a greedy ungenerous boss
4.According to the dialogue,which of the following sentences is right? 答案：C
A. Nothing happened when the clock struck one.
B. Scrooge’s eyes were wet because he had a cold.
C. The girl who used to love Scrooge has married another man.
D. Scrooge,a kind old man is always commenting on everything by saying “Humbug”.
5.In the sentence,“He is cold, mean and selfish old man ”,“mean” is . 答案：D
A.有技巧的 B.心情不好的 C.普通的 D.吝啬的
6.From the dialogue, we can infer . 答案：C
A. Fred helps Scrooge become a helpful man
B. everyone does wish Ebenzer Scrooge a merry Christmas
C. Ebenzer scrooge corrects his mistakes and makes a fresh start
D. Scrooge’s partner, Marley died at Christmas
7.The main factor that makes Mr Scrooge change his mind is that . 答案：A
A. he feels afraid the bad thing will happen to him in the future
B. he regrets what he did in the past
C. he is moved by what Santa Claus says
D. he loses his fortune and becomes a poor man himself
8.What can’t be concluded from the passage? 答案：D
A. People usually have turkey for Christmas.
B. The place they live in is cold in winter.
C. Bob is quite astonished Scrooge’s generousness.
D. All the poor people can enjoy a merry Christmas now.
9.According to Fred,Christmas is the day of the year when people . 答案：D
A. think of the past and look forward to the future
B. put valuable things in their pockets
C. have dinner together
D. show kindness to people and help others
10.Mr Scrooge is reluctant to open his heart to the poor because . 答案：D
A. there are plenty of prisons in the world B. he is poor himself
C. the union work houses can help the poor
D. he only cares about his own business and never shows kindness to others
Phrases
1.care for 喜爱；照顾
2.in the race to do sth. 在做某事的竞赛中
3.put on 穿上
4.so far 至此
5.in want of 需要
6.at this festive season of the year 在一年中喜庆的季节
7.close up （尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近
8.leave alone 不管；随…去
9.toast to 干杯
10.date back to 追溯到（过去的某个时间）
11.on the contrary 相反
12.have an eye for 关注；能判断；能欣赏
Unit 8
Fast reading
1 What is the most puzzling question in learning our mother tongue?
2 If we develop our study skills and way of learning, is learning foreign language twice as hard or as easy?
Careful reading
Tell the sentences true or false
1 Although experts don’t agree each other, they all share a common opinion :Life is a very successful language school. T
2 We study our mother tongue all day long for about 5 years before we master it. But we only spend a few hours a week and in a few years’ time we can speak a foreign language. T
3.Successful language learners usually step away from the academic challenges. F
4The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the worse their language acquisition.F
Choose the best answers
1.Most children have mastered their mother tongue . 答案：C
A. at the age of five B. by the age of eight C. before they are five D. since they were five
2.Successful language learners do share the following characteristics except . 答案：A
A. the ability to memorize the words B. an interest in understanding their own thinking
C. willingness to take chances D. confidence in their ability
3.The best option for the exchange students is . 答案：A
A. living with local people B. living in the dormitory
C. choosing exchange programmes at various academic levels at a reasonable cost
D. making friends with the other students
4.The disadvantage of studying abroad is . 答案：B
A. language and culture B. cost and safety C. custom and culture D. exchange programme
5.Visiting students do the following things except . 答案：C
A. staying in the host family’s house B. eating in the host family’s house
C. becoming a member of the family D. keeping in touch with the host family afterwards
6.Before going out to study in a foreign country,you should not . 答案：C
A. care much about the money that may cost you B. collect as much information as possible
C. plan a long course to study D. discuss every detail with your family
7.The sentence “Life is a very successful language school” means . 答案：B
A. we are equipped with a special ability to learn language
B. the key to learn the language well is to communicate with the people around us
C. parents can give children language lessons
D. people can learn the language by themselves
8.What makes it easier to study abroad nowadays? 答案：D
A. The cost has become reasonable. B. There are programmes for all levels.
C. Students can find “home-stay” service and live with the host family.
D. All the above.
9.The greatest value of an exchange student studying abroad is . 答案：C
A. to learn the language B. to widen one’s views and understand the culture of other country
C. to get better idea of yourself and your own culture D. to learn to be independent of oneself
10.What’s the purpose of writing this article? 答案：C
A. Learning a foreign language is twice as hard as learning our mother tongue.
B. Learning a foreign language is more important than learning our mother tongue.
C. Learning a foreign language is twice as easy if we develop our study skills.
D. In fact,the number of people learning a foreign language has increased with years.
Decide which language ( mother tongue or foreign language) each of the sentences below
A We learn quite fast.
B We are not taught but learn anyway. M
C Some people think that we are born with an ability to learn this. M
D We can learn faster if we develop study skills.
E Most people have mastered this by the age of five. M
F We learn this in a special place where we can get help.
G It takes longer to learn this. M
H We Learn this by communicating with others. M
Main idea of each paragragh .
1. The environmental factor of learning mother tongue.
2. Different opinions of language experts.
3. The difference between learning mother and learning a foreign language.
4. The characteristics of successful language learners.
5.Different learning ways of successful language learners
6. The importance of the purpose of learning.
The purpose of writing the passage to tell us that learning a foreign language does not have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue.
Integrating Skills
What is the best way to learn a language ? Why ?
I think the best way to do this is to go to a country where the language is spoken.
We can use the language at any places at any time . It’s good for language learning.
2. Is it possible for you to study abroad ? Yes, it is.
3. What should you do before you go abroad?
We should find out as much as possible about different programmes, including the cost and length of our stay.
4. Can you list the advantages and the disadvantages of studying abroad ?
Advantages of studying abroad
1). become fluent in the new language
2). make friends with people from different background.
3). Understand another culture
4). broaden your horizons and improve your understanding of the world
5). learn about yourself and what your culture is really like
6). learn to depend on yourself
Disadvantages of studying abroad
1). Some of them may fall behind in their studies when studying abroad.
2).They may not be able to take classes at the same level as at home.
3). Parents worry about the safety of their children and may also be concerned about the cost.
Choose the main idea of each paragraph
Para. 1 It is possible for a student of any level to study a foreign language in a country where the language is spoken.
Para. 2 Advantages of studying abroad.
Para. 3 disadvantages of studying abroad.
Para.4 What should you do in order studying abroad ?
Phrases
1.make progress 前进；进步
2.make sense of 弄懂…的意思
3.in other words 换句话说；换言之
4.take risks/a risk 冒险
5.experiment with 进行试验；进行实验
6.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团
7.knock down 击倒；撞倒
8.that is to say 也就是说
9.fall behind 落后
10.be different from 与…不同
municate with 与…联系；与…交流
12.distinguish…from… 把与区别开来
13.adjust to 调整；调节；使适合；使便于使用
14.in the process 在进行；经过；在…过程中
15.in common （团体）共同的；公有的
16.make mistakes 犯错误
17.make friends with 与…交朋友
18.take (an active ) part in （积极）参加
19.take patience to 有耐心去做….
高三课件 篇2
Aims and demands:
1. Develop the Ss’ listening ability .
2. Grasp the usage of the language points:
at the doctor’s , take a look,, knock into fell over
It feels a bit tense .
That sounds very interesting.
Difficulty: Ask the Ss to make a dialogue between the doctor and a patient.
Teaching methods: listening, speaking, practicing
Learning method: How to listen smartly
Teaching aids: tape recorder, some slides
Procedure:
Step 1. New words:
Step 2. Introduction
T: How many gold medals did the Chinese players win?
There are a lot of international champions in China in the Olympic Games.
The two of whom are gymnasts . Who are they ?
Ss: They are 李小鹏 and 刘璇 .
T: Li is an international champion on the double bars.
Liu is an international champion on the beam.
And also the whole Chinese gymnastic team have won the gold prize.
T: Today we are going to learn “ Gymnastics” .
Do you know what pieces of equipment are used in gymnastics ?
( Picture talking )
rings , beam, high bar, high-and-low bars, double bars, beam, “horse”(side horse / pummelled horse（鞍马） , vaulting horse（跳马）)
T: Do men and women , boys and girls do the same kinds of exercises?
------- Men perform on the rings, on the double bars, on the high bar, and on a type of “horse” with our legs which has two handles fixed to the top surface.
While women perform on the high-and-low bars, one of which is higher than the other, and the beam, which is a length of wood only four inches wide which is fixed at a height of 1.20 meters above the ground.
Step 3. Listening
Listen to the tape and choose the correct answers:
1. Sharon is a gymnast. She is ______.
A. at the teacher’s B. at the doctor’s C. at her friend’s D. at home
2. Something is wrong with Sharon’s ______.
A. left leg B. right shoulder C. left shoulder D. right leg
3. Sharon hurt herself when she was _____.
A. doing some exercises B. finishing some exercises
C. on the high-and-low bars D. jumping
4. The change between ___ temperatures makes the blood move and the damaged parts begin to repair themselves.
A. hot and cool B. warm and cool C. cold and cool D. hot and cold
5. At the end of the week, throw the frozen peas away. They _____ to eat.
A. will be fit B. won’t be fit C. would not like D. would like to
BCADB
Step 4. Read by themselves and answer the questions;
1. Who was Sharon? ---- gymnast
2. What’s wrong with her? ---- Something is wrong with her left shoulder.
3. How did she hurt her shoulder? ---- While she was doing gym.
4. What kind of treatment did the doctor advise her to use? ----- to use the hot-cloth-and-frozen-peas treatment.
5. How often does she have to take this treatment? ---- twice a day for a week
6. Do you think that this interesting treatment is effective? ----- Yes.
7. Have you ever used the hot-cloth-and-frozen peas treatment? ---------
What treatment does the doctor tell her to do?
---- To use the hot-cloth-and-frozen-pea treatment.
Step 4. Reading and find out the language points
1. at the doctor’s
at my uncle’s
at the tailor’s
2. take a look at : have a look at
3. It feels a bit tense.
4. knock into sb.
Can you knock the nail into the wall?
The boy ran for the ball and knocked into a man.
He walked in the dark and knocked into a tree.
5. fall over
He slipped into a banana skin and fell over.
6. so on and so on : repeatedly
7. That sounds very interesting.
8. fit to eat:
Step 5. Practice
Make up a dialogue between the two---- one is a doctor and the other is a patient
Doctor: Asks a question
Patient: Says what the problem is
Doctor: Makes one or more comments and then gives some advice
Example:
D: Can I help you?
P: Yes, I can’t sleep well.
D: How can I help you?
P: Can you give me some medicine so that I can have a good sleep?
D: What can I do for you?
P: I’ve got a pain here. My left shoulder hurts.
D: Let me have a look at it.
P: Oh, I feel terrible.
D: Mmn, I see. It feels a bit tense, but it’s nothing serious.
P: Shall I take any medicine?
D: Yes. Take this medicine, two pills a time, three times a day. And try to use the hot-cloth-and-frozen peas treatment.
Step 6. workbook----- Ex 2
Homework : read two passages
At the doctor’s
When a patient comes in what will the doctor say?
What can I do for you?
How can I help you?
What seems to be the matter?
Can I help you?
What will the patient say?
I’ve got a pain…
I’ve got a headache and a cough day and night.
I’ve got a temperature and all my bones ache.
I feel terrible.
I hurt my leg while I was….
I don’t feel well.
Then what will the doctor say?
Let me take a look at it / you.
Let me feel your pulse.
Left me take your temperature.
Oh, I see. It’s nothing serious.
Have a good rest and you’ll ..
You’ll be all right / well better soon.
Take this medicine / two pills a time, three times a day.
Unit 9 Lesson 34~35 Gymnastics
Aims and demands: Develop the Ss’ reading ability and have a good understanding of the text
Difficulty and importance: Have a deeper understanding of the text
Teaching methods: Reading and listening and discussion
Learning methods: How to read fast
Teaching aids: a tape recorder and some slide shown
Procedure:
Step 1. Presentation
What kinds of equipment are used in doing the gymnastic exercises?
As we know from the dialogue , Sharon hurt her left shoulder while doing some exercises on the high-and-low bars. So while you are doing gym, you should be more careful.
Now look at the pictures and tell :
Where are the gymnasts doing exercises / performing? ( P 51)
Ss: He is performing on the high bar.
He is performing on the double bars.
He is jumping / performing on a “horse”.
She is performing on a beam.
Step 2. Listening
Listen to the tape of Lesson 34 and tell whether the following statements are true or false.
1. Olympic competitions started in Greece. T
2. Modern gymnastics began in the 18th century. F
3. If you want to become a top gymnast, it is important to start when you are 14 or 15 years old.F
4. Boys win Olympic gymnastics medals usually between the age of 19 and 25. T
5. Both boys and girls perform on the rings, on the double bars, on the high bar and so on. F
6. Only girls perform on the high-and-low bars. T
7. Only boys do floor exercises on the mat. F
8. Make sure you put on some watches, rings, and necklaces before you start. F
9. Ww simple safety measures to follow while ( you are ) training.
8. Follow : a) to take or accept 遵守,采纳,听从
follow the safety measure
follow the teacher’s instructions
follow one’s advice
b) understand 领悟
You are speaking too fast and we can’t quite follow you.听懂
c) go along 沿..而行
Follow the path and you will see the cinema.
d) come or go after
She followed me into the classroom.
e) following can be used together with “the” , it means “next”
in the following year=== next year
9. …… can be highly dangerous
highly: to a high degree 高度的,非常的
eg: Advertising is a highly developed twentieth-century industry. 高度发达的
He is a highly skilled worker. 非常熟练的
固定词组:
Speak highly of 高度赞扬
Think highly of 高度评价
Sing high praise for 高度表扬
Hold one’s head high 头抬得高高地
1. be content to do sth. 满足干…… 满意做……
be content with sth. 对……满意
2. each used as an
They each have a computer on the desk.
Each of them has a computer on the desk.
3. in all
in a word 总之
all in all
4. glance at : look quickly at / give a quick at
5. be busy doing sth.
They are busy training in the gymnastic.
We had been bus preparing for the mid-term examination.
6. gain points 得分
gain mark 得分
win the medal 得奖牌
7. drills
The first thing …. . was to go up her trainer and thanked her.
句中两个作表语的不定式 go up to 和 thank her for 都省略了 to ,这是因为主语有定语从句 she did 来修饰的缘故.
一般地说,解释 do 的精确意思的分句,可以用不带 to 的动词不定式.
我们现在想做的就是躺下来休息.
What we want to do now is ( to ) lie down and rest.
我所做的就是推了他一下.
What I did was ( to ) give him a little push.
字典的作用是帮助学生查生字的词义和用法.
What a dictionary does is ( to) help the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words.
Agreement.
Correct the mistakes if any. ( Lesson 34~35)
1. It was in Greece where the Olympic competition started. ( that )
2. It was in 1811 when an outdoor gymnastics center for men was opened in Berlin. (that)
3. There are also records of gymnastics performing in China. ( being performed/performed)
4. My bike is repairing . ( being repaired)
5. He didn’t mind leaving at home alone . ( being left )
6. Being lost can be a terrifying experience. (true )
7. Dance is an important part of training as it prepares they for the types of movements required in gymnastics. ( them )
8. The students are preparing the exam. ( add for )
9. In competitions women perform some of their exercises with music. ( to )
(We do eye exercises to music.)
10. Men usually gained Olympic gymnastics medals between 19 to 25. ( won, between…and)
11. The gymnasts should hold a position steady, keep their balances while doing a handstand. (balance)
(steady adj, adv. Steadily adv. )
12. Training by yourself in a gym can be high dangerous. (highly )
Highly : to a high degree
广告业是二十世纪高度发达的行业.
Advertising is a highly developed twentieth century industry.
他是个非常熟练的工人.
He is a highly skilled worker.
Speak highly of
Think highly of
Sing high praise for
Hold one’s head high
Replace the following underlined phrases with the phrases in L35.
13. She is satisfied with her present job.
be content with sth.
be content to do sth.
14. In a word , she gave a good performance and landed neatly and steadily. (In all / all in all)
15. She gave a quick look at the judge. ( glanced at )
16. What we want to do now is lie down and rest. ( true )
字典的作用是帮助学生查生字的词义和用法.
What a dictionary does is ( to) help the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words.
Correct the mistakes if any. ( Lesson 34~35)
1. It was in Greece where the Olympic competition started.
2. It was in 1811 when an outdoor gymnastics center for men was opened in Berlin.
3. There are also records of gymnastics performing in China.
4. My bike is repairing .
5. He didn’t mind leaving at home alone .
6. Being lost can be a terrifying experience.
7. Dance is an important part of training as it prepares they for the types of movements required in gymnastics.
8. The students are preparing the exam.
9. In competitions women perform some of their exercises with music.
10. Men usually gained Olympic gymnastics medals between 19 to 25.
11. The gymnasts should hold a position steady, keep their balances while doing a handstand.
12. Training by yourself in a gym can be high dangerous.
Replace the following underlined phrases with the phrases in L35.
13. She is satisfied with her present job.
14. In a word , she gave a good performance and landed neatly and steadily.
15. She gave a quick look at the judge.
16. What we want to do now is lie down and rest. ( true or false ?)
Exercises for Unit 9 ---3A DCABB CBB
1. ___ him and then try to copy what he does. (99)
A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch
2. The little boy runs for the football and ___ a man standing there.
A. knocks down B. knocks at
C. knocks into D. knocks
3. I cheered do loudly at the match that I completely ___ my voice.
A. lost B. missed C. forgot D. left
4. --- Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?
--- I don’t know. But this is the last time. The fans ___ them to win whole – heartedly.
A. hope B. require C. prefer D. demand
5. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ___ attracted the audience’s interest.
A. so that B. that C. what D. in which
6. It was for this reason __ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. ( S)
A. which B. why C. that D. how
7. It is the ability to so the job ___ matters not where you come from or what you are. (2000)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
8. It was not ___ she took off here dark glasses ___ I realized she was a famous film star. (92)
A. when; that B. until; that
C. until; when D. when; then
Correct the mistakes: (for Unit 9 --- 3A )
It was Sunday and Zhou Lan was going 1.____
to take part in the first gymnastic compe-
tition. As soon as her competition started, 2.____
she tried her best and did good in per- 3.____
forming on three pieces of equipments 4.____
as well as on the floor. Now the time came
to her performance on the high -and-low 5.____
bars. She stands below them and waited. 6.____
When the judge nodding, she began . 7.____
She jumped upwards, caught the high bar
in two hands and did a neat circle . 8.____
Altogether,she performed wonderful and 9.____
landed nearly and steadily on the floor. Then
came the results. Victory for Zhou Lan!
She was the one. 10.____
1. true 2. her--- the 3. well 4. equipment 5. to – for 6. stood 7. nodded 8. in – with
9. wonderfully 10. first
高三课件 篇3
【教学目标】。
1、理解文意，激发学生兴趣，希望重读《红楼梦》。
2、结合个性化人物语言，分析人物性格特点。3、掌握阅读小说的一般方法。
【教学过程】。
一、导入：
得硕亭《草珠一串》“开谈不说《红楼梦》，谈尽诗书也枉然”。似乎读红楼梦是文人的专利，但是自从刘心武老师在百家讲坛开坛设讲以后在社会上掀起了一场红学热，百姓也谈红楼了。其实在座的同学们也对红楼梦并不陌生。我们初中学习过《葫芦僧判葫芦案》，高中学习过《林黛玉进贾府》，此外同学们对红楼梦也或多或少有些了解。
师问1：那么在同学们心目中红楼梦是一部怎样的著作呢？(生自由回答)。
老师总结：好的,不管我们怎么去理解看待红楼梦，当我们打开这部著作的时候，总有一个问题是不能够被绕开的，那就是里面那些富有光彩的女性角色，其中最主要的当然就是谁呢？黛玉和宝钗。历来对黛玉和宝钗的评价就是众说纷纭。
师问2：那么我们在座的同学对黛玉和宝钗又有怎样的理解呢？谁能说说呢？她们之间的关系又是如何的呢？(生自由回答)。
老师总结：通过咱们同学的介绍，我们感觉黛玉和宝钗这两个人她们的身世背景是完全不同的，一个是皇商和贵族的结合、一个出身于一个已衰微的封建家庭并寄人篱下。一位性格比较外向、沉稳，合于礼教。一个性格比较内向、警惕戒备、孤高自许、目下无尘、自矜自重。那么这两个性格迥异、身世不同的人物她们之间是有隔阂、有矛盾的。
我们都知道宝钗非常善于处事，元春从宫里送出的灯谜本不新奇，她故意只说难猜；贾母要她点戏点菜，她就专点热闹戏文和甜烂食品；金钏被逼自杀，她为了安慰王夫人，反说金钏糊涂。薛宝钗格外用力地取悦贾府的统治者。她的为人，早已获得贾府上下的普遍赞许，而黛玉因为寄人篱下性格上有一点的自我保护意识，处处设防,所以难免有些尖酸刻薄的感觉。贾府的上上下下对宝钗都非常的认同，但对黛玉则颇有微词。再加之我知道宝钗有一个金项圈（不离不弃,芳龄永继）正好和宝玉的通灵宝玉（莫失莫忘，仙寿恒昌）相配这就更让深爱宝玉的黛玉有些妒意了。所以这两个性格迥异、身世不同的人物她们之间是有隔阂、有矛盾的。(这从黛玉自责的语言中看出。)在红楼梦的第45回中作者正是把这个矛盾双方放在一个情节当中演绎出一段互剖金兰语的故事，这也就是我们今天要学习的这一段选文。
二、文本自主探究。
师问3：大家在课下已经认真读过了这段选文，那我就向大家提一个小小的问题：这段选文当中林黛玉的处境和心境是怎样的？(生自由回答)。
师问4：能不能把表现这些处境和心境的语言读一下。
板书:处境心境。
老师适时点评引导：从刚刚的赏析中我们知道黛玉正在病中，加之前面我们作为全文的介绍到作为人物的分析我们大家都说了黛玉她寄人篱下、身世孤苦、加之这个时候又犯病而且比往日更重了。大家想一想这么一个女孩子她当时的心境会是怎么样的呢？正如同学们说的她既盼有人，但是有人来看她没说几句话她就又觉得厌烦了。
师问5：那么她这个盼盼的是什么呢？(生自由回答)。
如果同学们读文章很仔细很细心的话一定会发现这样一个问题：黛玉在前面与任何来看她的人说不上三两句话就厌烦了，可是在文章的最后对看望她的宝钗她却说了这样一句话“晚上再来和我说几句话儿”这可是一种诚心诚意的邀请啊！
下面给大家一个思考讨论的机会，希望大家通过我们的思考交流共同解决。
小组讨论（5分钟）：由厌烦到诚邀,黛玉的情感为什么会出现如此大的变化呢？
明确：探病，推心置腹的拉家常。
老师引导：注意过程，黛玉宝钗共说了几次话，谁的话说的最长，那一段说的最长，可以分为几个层次，不能只是粗疏的看过，应注意通过语言表现出来的细节，注意说话前有没有代表说话是的动作和表情的词等。(生自由回答：)。
宝钗。
1、宝钗道：“这里走的几个太医虽都还好，只是你吃他们的药总不见效，不如再请一个高明的人来瞧一瞧，治好了岂不好？每年间闹一春一夏，又不老又不小，成什么？不是个常法。”
明确：宝钗原为探病而来，两人说话自然先从病说起。妙就妙在宝钗说病并不先言病症，再说病因，以显示自己的才智；而是先从关心黛玉的身体(你吃他们的药总不见效)、体贴黛玉的处境(每年间闹一春一夏，又不老又不小，成什么)出发，提议再请一个高明的人来瞧一瞧。这番话语自然极易入耳入心。有了这番铺垫，下面的关于药方、饮食的建议，也就更加显出了情真意切。
2、宝钗道：“这个药方当中人参和肉桂略显多了。”
明确：首先真正的关心体现在药方我都仔细看了，同时里面多什么少什么我很清楚我要告诉你这是一种真正的关心，同时也表达出宝钗的渊博的学识。
3、宝钗笑道:“将来也不过多费得一副嫁妆罢了，如今也愁不到这里。”
明确：宝钗可是主动跟黛玉开玩笑。黛玉这个人是不能轻易开玩笑的，很可能一个小小的玩笑能让她苦上半天的，可是平时说好很注意的宝钗在这个地方却和黛玉开了以个很有趣的玩笑，体现两个人的'关系确实是拉近了。宝钗情真意切的关怀让黛玉心中的猜嫌涣然冰释。这番玩笑的话语正是二人心心相印、情同姐妹的反映。
4、通过宝钗说“我在这里一日，我与你消遣一日”等。
明确：这是怎样的一种友情啊，如果开头说这样的话，我们觉得宝钗可能有点虚假，但是当她们情感逐步拉近的时候再说出这样的话来，我们觉得宝钗这个人简直就是太会体贴人了。宝钗的这番话语字字句句情真意切，关爱体贴之情溢于言外，将宝钗的细心、善解人意完全表现出来。
黛玉。
我们知道黛玉这个人啊平时很少跟人长篇大论的交谈，毕竟她是一个比较自闭自守的人，但是在这段对话中我们发现最长的一段话是谁说的呢，黛玉。
师问7：黛玉最长的一段话有几个层次呢？
明确：至少有三层：1、自责2、赞美3、袒露内心的痛楚、身世的孤苦。
师适时点评引导：1、黛玉在这里有点自我批评，有点自责。
师问8：那一句体现了自责了？（生自由回答：）。
老师适时点评引导：黛玉是一个多么清高的人啊，她怎么可能在这么短短的几句话当中责备自己四次呢？他为什么责备自己，她面对谁来责备自己，她面对宝钗啊。因为她误会了宝钗。
师问9：我们如果仔细的话会看到，除了她对自己的自责之外，实际上还有对宝钗的夸奖。文章是怎么说的呢？（生自由回答）。
老师适时点评引导：大家看到了实际上黛玉说的这短短的一段话包含这对宝钗的几次夸赞，同时还包含这对自己孤苦身世的叙述,黛玉的身世是很孤苦的，她是不轻易和别人说的。因为她的性格有封闭、有保守、有一种自我保护，她不愿意向别人袒露心扉，但是在这个时候却向宝钗把自己所有的痛苦全部呈现出来。那么这个地方就体现出黛玉的的确确是被宝钗的真情所感化了，她在这个地方找到了真正的朋友，找到了真正的友情,才使得黛玉能够坦诚地敞开心扉。
小结：通过对以上分析，我们看以感受到人物个性化语言的魅力了，在选文中我们可以看出黛玉的语言没有了其他地方所体现出来的那种尖酸刻薄，而更多的是那种坦诚、一种自责，一种温情脉脉的倾诉内心。宝钗在这里也没有了往日的那种圆滑，城府，虚假，取而代之的是那种细心，真挚姐姐般的关心话语。正是由于她们二人的这种情真意切的语言才使得双方各自敞开心扉，冰释前嫌。
师问10：不知道大家在阅读过程中有没有注意到这样一个细节，有没有看到黛玉说了七次话宝钗说了七次话，她们每一次说话的表情和动作是不是一样的呢？(生自由回答：)。
老师适时点评引导：道、叹道、笑道、忙笑道。从叹到笑不也表现一种情感的拉近，心灵的贴近吗！
板书：厌烦--叹息--笑--诚邀。
关心--赞美--自责--敞开心扉。
在这样的脉络发展当中两位女主人公她们的心灵逐渐的贴近，正体现了我们这段选文所取的名字“情真意切释猜嫌”。正是由于这两个人的真心相待，真诚实意猜嫌才能够被化解的。
师问11：那么读到这里我想我们同学是可以总结一下在这段文章当中宝钗和黛玉分别表现出怎样的性格特点。(生自由回答：)。
老师适时点评引导：黛玉已经完全敞开心扉，对宝钗的她的态度，她的性格是率真坦诚的，没有一点尖酸刻薄的味道，跟平时大家对她的印象完全不同。作为宝钗也是一样，她平时也不肯多说一句话生怕做错了什么事情，因为这个人是城府较深的人，相对于黛玉而言她显得成熟稳重得多，但是在这个时候她甚至主动和黛玉开玩笑。这个人物的体贴，善良不也体现的出来了吗！所以，黛玉在这里体现的性格特征是真诚坦率；宝钗在这里体现出来的是善良体贴。
板书：黛玉：真诚坦率宝钗：善良体贴。
正是由于她们这样一种人情美人性美使得对方的心理防线彻底被化解了。
老师总结梳理全文明确小说阅读方法：经过刚才的阅读我们看到了文章表现出黛玉生病时所体现出的处境与心境，这也就是我们说的环境；同时我们共同梳理了文章体现出来的脉络，这也就是我们所说的情节；那么性格特征是谁身上的呢，是人物。
这样我们就可以总结出阅读小说的一般方法。
1、了解故事发生的背景。因为背景是人物生活和情节推进的一个基础。
2、理清情节发展的脉络和过程，因为情节是人物性格的成长历史。
3、分析人物的性格特征。因为人物是小说的核心。
只有当我们懂得阅读小说的方法之后，我们以后在阅读其他小说的时候才能事半功倍。
三、布置作业：
从这篇文章中我们了解到黛玉和宝钗身上含有的那种人性美，但是做为红学研究的第一大公案来说，历来研究家们对于黛玉和宝钗的性格可以说是众说纷纭的：
1、黛玉真而宝钗伪，黛玉直而宝钗曲，黛玉亲而宝钗疏，黛玉热而宝钗冷。
2、黛玉一味痴情，心地偏窄，德固不美，只有文墨之才；宝钗却是有德有才。
3、谈恋爱自盼黛玉，找妻子还须宝钗；掉眼泪自为黛玉，鼓掌喝彩还向宝钗。
4、黛钗是“双峰并峙，二水合流”，她们名虽两个，实为一身。
在座的同学们心中肯定也自有一个黛玉和宝钗，一千个人也有一千部红楼梦，我们去阅读红楼梦，去走进红楼这个无尽宝藏的时候，我们会发现其实红楼还有很多的谜需要我们的同学去化解去探索，所以为了有助于大家理解红楼理解红楼当中的人物，去破解红楼当中的诸多谜团，我们教材的编著为我们推荐了一些书目，在此我们再向同学们推荐几本书：
李隆堵酆炻ッ--历史文化的全息图像》高阳《红楼一家言》。
张爱玲《红楼梦魇》梅新林《红楼梦哲学精神目录》。
另外同学们在阅读红楼时可以注意留心这几个章节8、19、27、32、45、63。
当然我们读过之后还得表现出一点心得，所以给大家留一个小作业：
请大家以“我眼中的黛玉/宝钗”为题写一篇文章。
今天我们共同学习了红楼梦的选读，尝一脔肉,而知一镬之味，那么大家也需要在今后的阅读当中认真的去体悟，认真的去把握，认真的把自己的心和作者的心贴近，同人物的心贴近，只有这样我们的同学才能真正把红楼的味道，把很多作品的味道读出来。
蔡锦辉。
高三课件 篇4
各位老师：
我将从教材分析、学生分析、教学目标及重难点、教学过程、教法与学法、板书设计这六个方面展开我今天的说课。
首先是教材分析：《自感与互感》是人教版高中物理选修3—2第四章第六节的内容。本节作为电磁感应的重点内容之一，是在学习了法拉第电磁感应定律和楞次定律的基础上，进一步学习电磁感应的实验现象，它是前四节内容的延续，另外本节课中，学生将正式接触到在实际电路中的感生电动势和动生电动势的分析，可以为后面的交变电流的学习打下基础。所以，本节具有非常重要的承上启下的作用。本节教材还有特别多的电路分析实验，可以培养学生重视实验和归纳的习惯，也为以后的电磁学的学习作了必要的准备。
第二是学生分析：对于学习了一段时间的物理的高中生而言，虽然抽象逻辑思维在个体智力发展中开始占优势，但在很大程度上，这时的逻辑思维还需要经验支持，因此从小小的实验现象引入概念，能够更为有效的让学生理解和应用科学概念。同时，高中生兴趣爱好日益广泛，求知欲与好奇心强烈，对学习和科技活动有极大的兴趣和爱好，所以活跃的课堂气氛更能抓住学生的注意力，使其真正融入到整堂课的学习互动当中。此外，学生在前几节中已经学习了法拉第电磁感应定律，楞次定律，感生电动势和动生电动势等相关知识，对自感与互感可能存在一定的了解，但是还缺乏严密的科学认识，同时不容易接受“自感”这一概念。
基于以上分析以及大纲和新课标的要求，我将本节课的教学目标及重难点确定如下：
【教学目标】
一、知识与技能
了解互感与自感现象；
理解互感与自感的定义；
掌握互感与自感现象产生的原因，能够解释互感与自感现象；
二、过程与方法
通过实验观察，认识自感与互感现象，培养学生初步观察的能力；
是学生进一步了解科学探究活动过程，培养学生的探究能力；
体会物理是一门建立在实验基础上的学科。
三、情感态度与价值观
领略自感互感现象的奥妙，培养学生学习物理的兴趣；
【教学重难点】
教学重点：
从生活出发，使学生认识认识自感与互感现象；
引导学生分析分析自感与互感现象的本质；
教学难点：
自感与互感现象产生的原因；
解释生活中其他的自感与互感现象；
下面进入本次说课的重点——设计思想。
本节课强调寓教于乐，师生互动的教学特色，突出学生的探究性学习。在演示小灯泡的“闪亮”现象的同时，一起分析探究产生小灯泡闪亮现象的原因，让学生在轻松的环境下，突破了本节知识的难点。在“闪亮”现象演示实验中，以提问的方式进行，让学生充分思考，学会运用物理知识解释实际问题，使得课堂与生活紧密联系，真正体现了“从生活走向物理，从物理走向社会”这一教学理念。恰到好处的课堂练习及问题讨论，及时解决了学生对本节课的重难点的疑问，减轻学生负担更培养了学生善于思考、自主学习的能力。课后作业几道实验现象分析题，摒弃题海战术，启发学生思维，既熟悉了所学习的物理知识，提高学生的分析能力，真正实现本堂课的三维教学目标。
最后，板书设计，基于知识的内在联系，用简洁、清晰地展现了本节课的重点内容，有助于学生对本节课内容的理解和记忆。并与课件形成很好的互补。
高三课件 篇5
听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的对应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the woman think the man should do?
A.Wait patiently.
B.Place another order.
C.Go and find the furniture.
2.What is the relationship between the two speakers?
fessor and assistant.
B.Teacher and student.
C.Manager and secretary.
3.How much does the man have to pay if he buys two pencils now?
A.10 cents.
B.15 cents.
C.20 cents.
4.What do we know about the woman?
A.She is going abroad before Christmas.
B.She hasn’t been invited to the Christmas party.
C.She doesn’t want to spend Christmas with the man.
5.Whom has the man called to come over?
A.A salesman.
B.An engineer.
C.A repairman.
听力原文及答案：
(Text 1)
M:I haven’t received the furniture I ordered yet.Maybe I should call to check on it.
W:Don’t worry.It takes at least a week to arrive.
(Text 2)
W:Excuse me,I’m having trouble hearing at the back of the room.Did you say that your assistant would correct the final exams?
M:No,I said that he would collect them.I’ll grade them﹎yself.
(Text 3)
W:What can I do for you?
M:How much are these pencils,please?
W:2 for 15 cents now.Prices have been reduced on all our school supplies since the holiday.Pencils used to be 10 cents each.
(Text 4)
M:I hope you’ll spend Christmas with us.We’re going to have a big party on Christmas Eve.
W:I’d love to,but Jack and I are going to Australia.We’ll send you postcards from there.
(Text 5)
W:Hello.Sunlight Housing Service.Can I help you?
M:This is Mr.Jones.My heater isn’t working and the temperature is going to get down below uld you come over to fix it?
W:This is our busiest time of the year,but I’ll speak to one of our men about it sometime today.
1~5 ABBAC
高三课件 篇6
Step 1 Lead-in
When were the inventions in the pictures made?
Picture 1:It was invented in the early years of the 20th century. electricity is used for light, heating, power, etc.
Picture 2:Thomas Edison invented the light bulb in 1879
Picture 3:In 1769 James Watt built a steam-powered boat.
Who is the father of these inventions?
electric railway:The first electric railway was built by German Werner von Siemens in 1879.
light bulb:The electric light bulb was invented by Thomas Alva Edison in the united states and Sir Joseph Wilson Swan in England in 1879.
steam-powered boat:The first successful steam-powered ship was developed and produced by John Fitch in 1785.
Step 2 Reading
Who is the father of science fiction? Jules Verne
Do you know about him? How much?
If not, read the first passage of the text and fill in the chart to understand his life.
Jules Verne
Born in:1828 Died in:1905 Nationality: French Interested in: theatre
Studied : botany, applied science
Famous novels:20,000 Leagues under the Sea, Journey to the Center of the Earth, the Children of Captain Grant, the Mysterious Island, 80 Days around the World .
Step 3 Listen to the tape carefully:
Answer the questions below correctly.
1.Why do Dr Aronnax set out with his followers?
2. What does the monster turn out to be?
3. Is Nautilus an ordinary ship?
4. What do you think of Nautilus? Can you describe it?
5. How do you like the Captain Nemo?
6. How does he treat his guests?
Step 4 Fast Reading:
1.When was Jules Verne born and when did he die
He was born in 1828 and died in 1905.
2.How many science fictions are mentioned in the text?
There are two: 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea and Journey to the Centre of the Earth.
Step 5 Find the main idea for the following paragraphs:
Para. Main idea
Para.1 The life of Jules Verne
Para.2-5 The film “20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
Para.6 The film “Journey to the Center of the Earth
Step 6 True or False:
1. Verne had to sell newspaper to make a living when he was in Paris.(F)
2. Verne died at 77, with his dreams realized.(F)
3. The furniture on the Nautilu is precious and the food aboard is all sea food.(T)
4. Captain Nemo is a very cruel man and no one likes him.(F)
5. The story Journey to the Center of the Earth is a science fiction. (T)
Step 7 Tick out the right answers:
1. What did they see in the centre of the earth?
( ) A. layers of coal and marble
( ) B. boiling water from underground river
( ) C. a huge lake or underground ocean
( ) D. forests of mushrooms and plants
( ) E. ancient sea creatures
( F) F. an ancient document in an old book
( F) G. some modern ships
2. What is mentioned in the novel 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea?
( F ) A. Ships are disappearing is caused by a real monster.
( F ) B. Captain Nemo decides to kill the three men.
( ) C. Electricity is used for heating and power.
( F ) D. They walk around under the sea without clothes
Step 8 Have a quick read of the paragraphs(2-5).
Find the answer to these questions:
1.Are ships sinking then?
2.How many people set out?
3.Do they meet some dangers during the voyage?
4. What’s their means of transportation?
5. Who drives it?
6.Why do Dr Aronnax and his followers set out to find the monster?
7.What does the monster turn out to be?
8.What does Nautilus look like? precious furniture ; huge glass windows protected with thick iron plates
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
1. How were they on board the submarine
disappear---set out---find ---be thrown overboard ---survive--turn out--- on boar--permanent guests
2.What is mentioned about the submarine?
Extraordinary--precious furniture--huge glass windows-- thick iron plates-- all that is needed-electricity-- The food aboard
3. What did they do under the sea?
dressed in-- walk around--lighted by-- surrounded by… (r,f,s,p)waving and moving slowly
Journey to the Centre of the Earth
1.How did they begin the journey
decided to-- a narrow passage-- a chimney in an extinct volcano
2.What did they do in the center of the earth?
pass through layers of coal and marble--
drink water from a boiling underground river--
reach a huge lake or underground ocean-
go through forests of mushrooms and plants
3. What happened to them in the end?
build a raft to cross the sea--
are attacked by ancient sea creatures –
be drawn into a fast steam-
shot out of a volcano
Step 9 List what the two men do in the adventure of going to the centre of the earth.
1.travel to Iceland
2.enter…through a chimney in a dead volcano
3.through a narrow passage deep into…
4.Pass through layers of coal and marble
5.reach a huge lake or underground ocean
6.through forests of mushrooms and plants
7cross the sea in a raft
8.drawn into a fast stream
9.shot out of a volcano in southern Italy
First reading:
What do the two men do in the adventure of going to the centre of the earth?
Pick out the main verbs in the description of the story. Retell the story in groups according to the given verbs.
Main verbs:
…enter…lead through…pass through…drink…reach…walk along…go through…build…cross…be attacked…be shot out
Step 10 Further understanding:
Describe the character of Captain Nemo :sympathetic? clever? brave? selfish? warm-hearted? greedy? cruel?
What do your think of the character of Captain Nemo? Captain Nemo is the kind of person of whom it is difficult to say whether you like him or not. You may think he is hard and cruel, but he also has a soft and gentle side.
Step 11 Fill in the blanks according to the text
Jules Verne was born in (1828) in France. His father sent him to Paris to study (law), but instead Verne developed his love for the (theatre). To make a living, Verne had to (write) and(sell) stories. Jules spent many hours in Paris libraries studying(geology), (physics and many other (subjects). He used the (latest) ideas and (technical)(inventions) of his day in his books. Many of the(instruments) in his novels will remind the reader of Dr Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with(electricity). By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further, Jules Verne laid the foundation of (modern)(science)(fiction). He also suggested how inventions could be used (in)(the)(future) to allow man to do things that were considered(impossible) in his own time. Jules Verne died in(1905), long before any of his dreams ((came) (true).
Step 12 Test yourself on some linguistic knowledge:
(use your own words to paraphrase)
1. “ To make a living, Verne had to write and sell stories” .
Verne had to …in order to make a life/ make money.
2.applied science theoretical, not practical
3.By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further, Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction. (translation通过将他所处时代的科学发展向前推进一步，儒勒.凡儿纳奠定了现代科幻小说的基础
4. It is believed to be caused by a sea monster.
People believe that it is caused by a sea monster.
5. set out to do set about doing
6.In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out (to be) a submarine.
e to be known; prove to be sb/sth
尽管今早看起来要下雨，但结果却是晴天。
(1)Though it looked like rain this morning, it turned out (to be) fine.
结果那个会议很没意思。
2)The meeting turned out to be a boring one.
8. All that is need for life on board comes from ocean.
What is needed for life in the ship are all from The ocean.
9.Dressed in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in the magic world. Because they are dressed in diving suits, Captain Nemo walk around in the magic world with his guests.
10.his permanent guests ：his long-term guests
What does the inside of the earth look like?The earth on which we live is a big ball of very hot rock, which consists of three parts: the earth’s crust, the earth’s mantle and the earth’s core.
The temperature inside is very high. It’s hot inside but cold outside. It has a shell just like an egg. There are some cracks in the shell of the earth in some places.
Hot water shoots into the air through those cracks and steam comes up from pools of hot water.
Step 13 Discussion:
What can we learn from Jules Verne and his novels about fact and fantasy?fact? fantasy?
Step 14 Homework:
1.Finish the exercises on Page 13.
2.Imagine a journey to some place in the future and write a composition about it. Prepare a role card in groups of three first.
First, how do you begin the journey?
First, how do you begin the journey?
First, how do you begin the journey?
Integrating Skills
The Story of Dr Frankenstein
Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft (1797-1851), English novelist.
Step 1 Skimming:
What did Dr Frankenstein create at last?
He had planned to create a larger human being but at last it turned out a living horror.
Step 2 Scanning
Now please read the text again and discuss
How many periods can Dr Frankenstein’s experiment be divided?
Three periods:
Period 1(Para1-Para3): He decided to create life from dead matter.
Period 2(Para4-Para5): He decided to create a larger human being than man.
Period 3(Para6-Para7): He succeeded in creating a creature, but a living horror.
Step 4 Detailed Reading:
Period 1:
Para 1: What did Dr Frankenstein want to do when he was young?
He wanted to learn the secrets of heaven and earth when he was young.
Para 2 After he was sent to university, what did he think of the things taught at university?
He felt them very disappointing and decided to pioneer a new way himself.
Para 3: What attracted his attention?
The structure of the human body and any animal that was alive attracted his attention.
What did he discover? He discovered the cause of life and how to create life from dead matter.
Period 2:
Para 4: Although he knew how to create life,what remained difficult work for him?
How to prepare a body for it with all its muscles and organs still remained a difficult job for him.
Para 5: Why did he decide to create a larger human being than man about eight feet in height? Because the small size of the parts slowed down his speed
Period 3:
Para 6: How did he create a life form that looks like a human being?
Step 5 Please rearrange the following steps in the right order.
1. He gained many materials from butcher shops and hospitals.
2. He finished his work on a night in November.
3. The dead creature came to life at one in the morning.
4. He lighted the flame of life into the dead thing.
5. He collected bones from graves and cut up dead bodies
5 1 2 4 3
Para 7: What did the creature look like? He got black hair, white teeth, yellow skin, black lips and strange sounds. He looked like a terrible monster
What did Dr Frankenstein think of the creature?
While unfinished, he was ugly but now he was a living horror
What do you think of the story?
A “Frankenstein” is any creation that ultimately destroys its creator.
高三课件 篇7
一、教法建议
抛砖引玉
通过本单元的学习，同学们可以了争到蜜蜂传递信息的方法，培养他们认真观察的能力，激发对科学研究的兴趣。
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ.词汇学习
amazing,spot,surround,astonishment,to one't astonishment,troop,downward
Ⅱ.交际英语
Prohibitions and warnings(禁止与警告)
1.You can't/Mustn't do…
2.If you…,you will…
3.You had better not do…
4.Don't smoke.
5.No noise,please.
6.Look out!/Take care!/Be careful!
7.Make sure you lock the door when you levave!
8.Mind the wet paint!
9.Mind your own business!别管闲事!
10.Watch out where you are walking.
Ⅲ.语法学习
复习定语从句和同位语从句的用法。
指点迷津
kind of 与sort of
1.kind(sort)of后可接单数名词或复数名词，动词用单数形式。例如：
This kind of question(questions)is not easy.
2.也可修饰不可数名词。
That kind of food is too expensive.
3.口语中，学习惯说These kind (s)of+单数或复数名词，动词复数。因其结构不太亚谨，在书面语中常改用另一种说法。试比较：
These kind(s)of flower(S)are very beautiful.
Flowers of this kind (sort)are very beautiful.
These kinks of deer are very rare.
Deer of this kind are very rare.这种鹿非常罕见。
4.综上所述，这类句子有六种说法，归纳如下：
(1)口语说法有：
这种自行车是上海造的。
These kind of bikes are made in Shanghai.
These sorts of bikes are made in Shanghai.
These kinds of bike are made in Shanghai.
(2)标准说法有：
这类事情常常能听到。
This sort of thing is often heard about.
This sort of things is often heard about.
Things of this sort are often heard about.
5.还应注意，在修饰不定代词时，this kind(sort)常放在不定代词之后。例如：
I have never heard of anything of this kind.
6.a kind of…与…of a kind
(1)a kind of表示“一种……”的意思。但并非都可译为“一种”，在对所说事物(人)不能确定其真正含义时，常常译成“大致可以说成是……”，“类似……的东西”。例如：
He is a kind(sort)of genius(天才).
At the same time another kind of paper was developed.同时另一种纸也被研制出来。
(2)…of a kind (sort)，也有很多不同的含义。表示“同种类的”，“徒有其名的，劣质的，勉强算是……的”等意思。例如：
Things of a kind come together.物以类聚。
You bought some tea leaves of a sort yesterday.你昨天买了什么劣质茶叶。
The boss gave his workers rice of a kind.那老板给工人们吃极差的米饭。
7.kind(sort)用于复数，也可用of kinds(sorts)形式。应注意修饰kinds(sorts)的形容词也应放在of之后。例如：
People eat different kinds of food (food of different kinds) which change into energy.
He saw all kinds (every kind)of people (people of all kinds/every kind.)
单元重点词汇点拨
1.amazing令人惊异的；了不起的
The new car goes at an amazing speed.
amazing可以作形容词。amazed作形容词是“被惊异”。amazement是名词“惊异，惊愕”。常用词组有：to one's amazement使某人惊异的是……。如：
I was amazed to find him there as well.
To my amazement I came first.
2.surround围绕，包围
Mystery surrounded the actress's death.女演员之死笼罩着神秘的气氛。
该词常用于被动词态。surrounding是形容词“周围的，附近的”。如：
The wall surrounds the church.=The church is surrounded by/with the wall.
We found the village surrounded by a river.
The old man sat there telling stories,surrounded by some children.
The beauty of the surrounding scenery is beyond description.
另外，surrounding还常用复数形式表示“环境，周围的事物”。如：
She like to bring up her child in healthy surroundings.她希望在健康的环境中养育孩子。
单元词组思维运用
1.varieties of多种多样的
in large groups群居
municate with sb与某人交流信息
with bees=make a study of bees=do research on bees研究密蜂
5.to the left 向左。on the left在左边
6.mark sth blue把某物标成蓝色记号
e to light被发现
8.set out to do sth=set about doing sth着手干……
9.fly through the air 在空中飞行
10.be away on holiday外出研究
11.improve one's understanding of增进对……的了解
12.out of the research of够不着的地方
二、学海导航
学法指要
单元难点思路明晰
1.There are also other varieties that do not live in groups at all.还有些蜂根本不群居。
(1)variety n.变化：多样化；种种；种类。如：a variety of fruits 各种水果，make a choice from three varieties of whisky从3种威士忌酒中作一选择，a life full of variety 丰富多彩的生活，different varieties of plant不同种类的植物。
(2)in groups一组一组的；一群一群的。in large groups 大批地。
2.…many more came to it one after another in a short time .不一会儿，越来越多的蜜蜂很快就来了。
(1)one after another一个接一个地(着重表达连续性，且是三者以上)，不能变形为one…after another。但one after the other一个接一个地(常指两个间的连续动作)，有时也变形为one…after the other。而one by one 一个一个地，依次地(不着重连续性，而着重逐个，各个)如：
They entered the meeting-room one after another.
他们一个个地进了会议室。
We destroyed the enemy forces one by one.我们各不歼灭敌军。
(2)in a short time 很快，不久。in such a short time在如此短时间内。
3.Vone Frisch wanted to find out whether the dance told them how far away the feeding place was .冯弗里施想要弄清楚这种舞是否告诉它们喂食的地方离得有多元。
how far away有多远距离(带与静态性动词连用)。而how far 多远(多与移动性动词连用)。如：
How far did you go?你走了多远?
How far away do you live?你住得多远?
4.Thedancer ran in a straight line,wagging from side to side.跳舞的蜜蜂沿着直线跑，边跑边左右摇摆。
(1)in a straight line以直线的方式。in常用于表达形式、方式、排列等，译作“按照，以，符合于”。如：stand in a cicle站成圆圈，speak in a whisper低声讲话，run in threes and fours三五成群地跑，in a good order井井有条地，in my opinion/view以我之见。
(2)from side to side从一侧到另一侧；左右地。已学过的类似无结构还有：from mouth to mouth中中相传，from sun to sun 从日出到日落，from door to door沿门，挨家挨户地，from day to day 日复一日地，from end to end从头到尾(=from cover to cover),from hand to hand从一人之手到队人之手，from time时常，不时。
5.Back at the hive they watched the wagging dance closely.他们回到蜂房旁，密切注视着摇摆舞。
closely密切地。close 既可作形容词表“密切的”又可作副词表“紧紧地”亲近地。像这种有两种形式的副词在使用中应注意：一般与形容词同形副词不能用在动词之前，而带…ly 的副词可以；与形容词同形的副词不能置于It be…that强调句型中，而带-ly的副词则可以；表示距离远近、物体高度、深度及宽度时，与形容词同形的副词往往表具体含义；而加-ly的副词表抽象意义。又如：
We flew high in the sky.我们在高空飞行。
We think highly of their research.我们对他们的研究评价很高。
6.He set out to discover whether the wagging dance showed direction.他开始着
手发现这种摇摆舞是否表明方向。
set out to do开始干/set about doing开始干/set off for 出发到某地；使爆炸
7.sit up for sb;sit up with sb;sleep late;stay late;stay up
(1)sit up for sb深夜不睡以等待某人；sit up with sb熬夜照看(或护理)某人。如：He sat up for his son, who sat up with hissick mother-in-law.
他深夜不睡等待儿子回家，他的儿子通宵未睡照看生病的岳母。
(2)sleep late睡懒觉；stay late(或stay up late)很晚才睡觉。如：
I wonder why Tom never sleeps late and Mike always stays up late.
我纳闷的是为何汤姆总是不睡懒觉，约翰又为何总是很晚睡觉。
8.put aside,put away,lay up
以上三个词组在作“存钱”之意时，可互换。如：
It's wise to have some money put away(或：laid up,put aside)for old age.为养老而储蓄些钱是明智之举。
但put saide着重“把……这放到一边”暂不去动它，或不做某事，而put away着重“把……收藏起来”以便以后使用。如：
Put your books aside.We are going to have a dictation.
把书放在一边，我们来听写。
Put all the instruments away on the shelf so that they won't yet broden.
把这些仪器收起来放到书架上以免打破了。
9.put an end to; put a stop to
(1)put an end to使结束，使终止，使消灭。如：
That accident put an end to his life .那次事故断送了他的命。
(2)Put a stop to =bring sth to a stop使……停下来(说明只是停止，而不是终结)。如：
It's saining hard, we have to put a stop to the work.
雨下得很大，我们只好停工。
10.owe sb sth;owe sthe to sb
owe sb sth欠某人债务；应向某人表达……。如：
I owe her 20 yuan=I owe 20 yuan to her .我欠她20元。
We owe you an apology(=we owe an apology to you)我们应向您道歉。
owe sth to sb还可表达：应把……归功于……。如：
We owe our happy life to our Party.(注意这时不能改换为：we owe our party our happy life.)我们的幸福生活归功于党。
11.of one's own;on one's own
of one's own“自己的”，常作定语。on one's own“独自地，独立地”，常作状语。如：
We have a house of our own.我们自己有一座房屋。
He directs the film on his own.他独自导演那部影片。
妙文赏析
A Bad Neighbor
Mr.and Mrs.Wu were fed up with their neighbor. He was always borrowing things
from them.
“It's not right,”Mr,Wu said to his wife one evening.“At some time or another that man thing.”
“You're quite right,”hiswife replied,“and most of the thing he's never returned.”
“What i want to know,”her husband said,“is why can't he buy the things he needs,like everyone else?”
“Because people like us are foolish enoughto lend him what he needs,”she replied.“As long as we arewilling to lend,he'll keep on borrowing.”
“Then we'll never lend him anything again,”Mr.Wu said.“The next time he asks to borrow something,I'll say no.”
“We must have a good reason for saying no,”his wife said,“and we must always try to be polite to him.We don't want to make an enemy of the man.”
It was not long before their decision not to lend their neighbor anything ever again was put to the test.
The next morning there was a knock on the door.
Mr.Wu went to answer it.
Their neighbor was standing there.Mr.Wu knew he was going to ask to borrow something,and was ready to refuse him politely.
“Good morning,”their neighbor said,“I'm sorry to trouble you,but I wonder if I could borrow your garden scissors.”
“I'm sorry,”Mr.Wu said,“but I'm afraid my wife and I will be using them today.We'll be spending all day working in the garden.”
“Oh,I see,”the neighbor said ,“in that case,may I borrow your golf clubs?You won't be needing them if you're working in the garden all day,will you?”
思维体操
1.If you were to throw a stone into the Red Sea, what would it become?
2.What is a boxer's motto?
3.What's a 747's motto?
4.What's every baby's motto?
答案：1.wet 2.If at first you don't succeed,try,try again. 3.If at first you don't succeed,fly,fly again. 4.If at first you don't succeed,cry,cry again.
三、智能显示
心中有数
单元语法发散思维
测试中的定语从句疑难点
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的性、数保持一致。如：
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时which被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。如：
He said he a Frenchman,which was not true.
2.whose引导定语从句时，从句前的先行词可以指人，也可以指物。如：
A young man from our school,whose name I have forgotten,has gone to Scotland.
This is the desk,whose legs we have repaired.(whose legs可改为the legs of which)
3.介词+关系代词
(1)根据动词选择介词。有些定语从句中的介词本身是从句的一部分，这样的介词可位
于关系代词前，也可位于关系代词后，如：
I don't know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands.
(或I don't know theforeigner(whom)my teacher shook hands with.)
但要注意：who和that不能直接位于介词后作宾语；有的短语动词是不能拆开的，因为这些介词存在于关系密切的固定短语中，常见的这类短语有：look for,look after等，如：
This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for.(对)
This is the pencil for which Ma Lili is looking.(错)
(2)根据先行词选择介词。介词和先行之间构成习惯搭配，此时，介词一般位于关系代词之前，它和从句中的动词不存在逻辑或意义上的关系，如：
He stood by the window,through which he could see what was happening outside.(the window 是介词through的逻辑宾语)
(3)有时，介词+关系代词可转换为关系副词，这样的关系副词一般为when,why,where.如：
This is the house in which(=where)Chairman Mao once lived.
Everyome knows the reason for which(=why)the High Dam was built.
I still remember the day on which(=when)we visied the temple.
4.选用定语从句的引导词时，不能只看先行词，重要的是看引导词在从句中充当什么成份。如：
The evening that people spent singing and playing music was exciting.(充当宾语)
The Summer Palace,where we spent last Sunday,is a famous place.(作状语)
The islands of Britain that we visited last year are made up of four parts.(作宾语)
5.避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的部分不可在从句中复现。如：
The factory where he works there is a large one.(应去掉there)
This is the factory which we visited it last Sunday.(应去掉it)
6.注意关系代词的省略。
(1)关系代词作主语不能省略。
(2)作动词宾语的关系代词，可以省略；作介词宾语的关系代词，如果不直接位于介词后，可省略，如果直接作介词的宾语，不能省略。
(3)关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中作宾语吼不能省略。
(4)reason,way后的关系词可省可不省，如：
This is the reason(for which/why/that)he came last for class.
I don't like the way (in which/that)he talks.
动脑动手
单元能力立体检测
定语从句多项选择专练
1.Finally the thief handed he had stolen to the police.
A.every thing B.that C.which D.all
2.This is the highest building .
A.we have ever built in out school B.that has ever been built since1994
C.where all the senior students will live D.built for us to live in
3.The building are bright at night is our school library.
A.which B.whose windows C.where D.the windows of which
4.The girl is our new English teacher.
A.you spoke to B.that you talded
C.of whom hair is beautiful D.you said something to
5.She has two daughters .
A.two of them are bright B.neither of whom works as a teacher
C.who are both workers D.both of whom have gone to college
6.The person is a professor.
A. who is talking to the shop assistant B.that the shop assistant is talking to
C.whom you are talking D.with who they are talking
7.That is the office my mother once worked.
A.which B.in which C.when D.where
8.The skirt is mine, .
A.whose colour is blue B.that I bought last year
C.which cost me twenty yuan D.whose colour I am interested in
9.The washing machine works well.
A.I bought last Thursday B.my mother is eager to buy
C.whose sides are all white D.that is made is Shanghat
10.Shanghai is the very place .
A.which the foreigners are interested in B.the foreigners are eager to visit
C.where live a lot of foreigners D.what the foreigners like to stay at
11.Joan is one of the best writers .
A.who are thought highly of
B.whose books the people in the world enjoy very much
C.who have published a lot of books
D.that has been given medals
12.the two friends met again,and tehy talked about a lot of things an persons
they could remember at college.
A.who B.whom C.which D.that
13.He is everyone likes to work with.
A.one B.theone that C.the person D.whom
14.This is the modern hotel the visitors can enjoy all good things.
A.which B.in which C.that D.where
15.The earth goes round the sun, even a child knows.
A.which B.that C.as D.it
16.The railway bridge will be finished in two days.
A.which is being built now B.where we visited yesterday
C.we visited yesterday D.where there are a lot of busy workers
17.Is that laboratory ?
A.the one that we visited yesterday B.where we visited yesterday
C.the one we visited yesterday D.that we visited yesterday
18.Is that the laboratory yesterday?
A.we visited B.where we visited yesterday
C.the one we wisited D.which we visited
答案：1.AD 2.ACD 3.BD 4.AD 5.BCD 6.AB 7.BD 8.ACD 9.ABCD 10.BCD 11.ABC 12.D 13.BC 14.BD 15.AC 16.AC 17.AC 18.ABD
创新园地
下面是一些同学们在英语书面表达中经常译错的句子，出错的原因是易受汉语思维的影响。请你试一试
1.我昨天收到了你的来信。
2.感谢您的邀请。
3.在我住在你们家中期间，你们给了我许多帮助。
4.如果你有空的话，请到我们的城市来参观。
5.祝您成功。
6.祝您旅游愉快。
7.今晚将要举行英语晚会。
答案：
1.I heard from you yesterday,/I received/got you letter yesterday.或者：Your letter reached me yesterday.
2.Thank you for your invitation.
3.While/When I stayed in your home,you gave me a lot of help.
4.Please come to our city for a visit if you have time./Please come to our city to visit if it is convenient to you.
5.I wish you to succeed./I wish you successful./I wish you success.
6.May you have a good trip./A good journey to you.
7.There will be an English evening party this evening.An English evening party will be held this evening.
四、同步题库
(一)从下列A、B、C、D中选出一个最佳答案
1.My father persuaded me not to time TV all day and all night.
A.waste;to see B.spend;to watching C.waste;watching st;to see
2.Did you watch the TV broadcast of the football match last night?
B.alive C.living ly
3.She must have known the result of her maths exam, she?
A.mustn't B.haven't C.hasn't D.isn't
4.The manager is over there.Why not make yourself him?
A.know about B.known to C.known by D.known as
5.I'm glad to see you here.But in fact,I know you .
A.don't;are coming B.don't;have come
C.didn't;came D.didn't;were coming
6.These wet clothes should to dry.
A.hung up B.be hung up C.hang up D.be hanged up
7. ,we plant young trees.And the young trees grow taller .
A.Year after year;year after year B.Year by year;year by year
C.Year by year;year after year D.Year after year;year by year
8.She is a good student.She is always the first to school and the last
school.
es;leaves B.to come;to leave
ing;leaving e;leave
9.The museum they visited last week the 15th century.
A.dates from B.dates back from C.dates since D.dating back to
10.Thinking you know in fact you don't is a terrible mistake.
A.that;what B.that;that C.what;that D.what;what
11.I feel like in the fresh air after supper,but I'd like at home today.
A.towalk;to stay B.walking;staying
C.to walk;staying D.walking;to stay
12.-Where are you from?
- .
A.I'm British B.I speak English
C.I was born in Ireland D.i used to live in Wales
13.The that the church is great.
A.part;makes B.parts;plays C.part;plays D.role;play
14.The girl took of the two oranges and gave one to her brother.
A.smaller;bigger B.the small;the big
C.the smallest;the biggest D.the smaller;the bigger
15.To be honest,that problem made me .
A.puzzled;puzzled B.puzzling;puzzling
C.puzzled;puzzling D.puzzling;puzzled
16.Everything must be ready.Chairman Zhang in the minutes.
A.will arrive B.is about to arrive
C.is possible to arrive D.is probable to arrive
17.My cousin went abroad ,that is .
A.in his thirties;in the 1990s B.in his thirty;in the
C.at the age of 30;in 1999s D.at thirty;in 1990's
18.You won't get well unless you the doctor's advice.
A.hear B.listen C.follow D.receive
19.Our headmaster would like with the boy Henry.
A.to have words;whose name is B.having a talk;with the name of
C.have to word;his name is D.to have a word;named
20.-How are you getting along with you work?
-I haven't made I should.
A.so more progress as B.as much progress as
C.as many progress as D.much progress like
(二)完形填空
We are often warned by our teachers not to waste time because time(1)will never return.I think it quite(2).What does time look(3)?Nobody knows,and we can't see it or touch it and no(4)of money can buy it.Time is abstract,so we have to (5)about it.
Time passed very quickly.(6)students say they don't have(7)time to review their lessons.It is(8)they don't know how to make(9)of their time.They waste it in going to theatres or parks,and (10)other useless things.Why do we study every day?Why do we work?Why do most people(11)take buses instead of walking?The answer is very(12).We wish to save time because time is (13).
Today we are (14)in the 20th century.We(15)time as life.When a person dies,his life ends.Since life is short,we must (16)our time and energy to our studies so that we (17)be able to serve the people well in the future.Laziness is the(18)of time,for it not only brings us(19),but also does other(20)to us.If itis(21)for us todo our work today,(22)us do it today and not(23)it until tomorrow.(24)that time is much more(25).
1.A.lost B.passed C.missed D.used
2.A.important B.true mon D.terrible
3.A.for B.like C.after D.over
4.A.amount B.quality C.quantity D.price
5.A.think B.imagine C.examine D.check
6.A.Such B.Some C.Sometime D.Most
7.A.spare B.free C.enough D.much
8.A.reasonable B.why C.because D.certain
9.A.good B.use C.something D.up
10.A.doing B.making C.taking D.getting
11.A.ought to B.have to C.would rather D.had better
12.A.easy B.simple C.obvious D.clear
13.A.worthless B.priceless C.limiting D.little
14.ing B.living C.struggling D.advancing
15.A.look upon B.use C.think D.believe
16.A.devote B.spend C.give D.set
17.A.must B.should C.may D.can
18.A.helper B.thief C.butcher panion
19.A.wealth B.health C.failure D.illness
20.A.danger B.harm C.trouble D.difficulty
21.A.successful nvenient C.necessary D.important
22.A.help B.let C.make D.have
23.A.keep B.remain C.repeat D.leave
24.A.Remember B.Think C.Realize D.Save
25.A.valuable B.expensive C.worth D.fragile
(三)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
(A)
There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters(匪徒)in return for “protection”.If the money was not paid immediately,the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.Getting“protection money”is not a modern means.As longago as the fourteenth centruy,an Englishman,Sir John Hawkwood,made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
Then Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a group of soldiers and settled near Florence.He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other,Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to those who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.In times of peace,when business was bad,Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and,after burning down a few farms,would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them,Hawkwood made large sums of money with this method.In spite of this,the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.When he died at eighty,the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had his picture painted,which was in memory of“this bravest man”.
1.What protection did Chicago gangsters give to those who paid them?
A.They saved those people's businesses from destruction.
B.They left those people's business unharmed much.
C.They sent soldiers to serve them no matter what help they needed willingly.
D.They didn't take those people's lives
2.Sir John Hawkwook's Italian name‘Giovanni Acuto'was one which .
A.he gave himself in order to become better known to the Italians
B.he earned through his sharp practice of selling his‘protection'
C.he needed so as to hire his soldiers to Italians
D.was given him in telling his services to the others'
3.The Italians regarded Hawkwood as a sort of hero .
A.because they couldn't help admiring his bravery and boldness
B.as he aided the citizens in peacetime when business was bad for them
C.he had played an important role in their daily life
D.for he lived so long and was given a state funeral by the Florentines
4.From the passage,we can guess the gangsters were those .
A.who were of great importance to the poor
B.who made the businessmen do whatever they were in need of
C.who were always ready to be sent abroad
D.who did harm to others
5.According to the writer,Hawkwood was .
A.a sort of national hero B.an experienced leader
C.a brave soldier C.a noble gangster
(B)
The sun had gone behind a cloud.I was very tired and wanted nothing in the world so much as to be at home.At last I got to the gate of Hide Park.But this was worse than ever;there were buses there-high and terribly red cars,taxis and still more buses in an endless line.Everywhere there were people hurrying past or waiting to get into the buses,while I stood lost in the middle of them.
I was ready to cry.In despair,I crossed the street on to an“island”, where I found a policeman. I took my last bit of courage in both hands and said, “Please,sir,where is Addison Road?”He began to explain,but when he saw that I couldn't understand he became helpless,too.“Are you French at school?”A few minutes later,he smiled and raised his hand.How wonderful!The traffic stopped.Even the red buses stood still and waited until I had crossed the road.
6.That is the most probable reason why she was tired out.
A.it had been very hot by then
B.the writer had been standing lost for a long time
C.the writer had been completely lost
D.the writer had been wandering in the park for a long time
7.Because the writer was made so worn out, .
A.she wanted nothing on earth but her home
B.she thought it perfect to stay at home
C.she would never leave her home at all
D.she didn't get to the park on time.
8.In this passage“island”means .
A.a piece of land surrounded by water
B.a raised place in a busy street where people may be safe from traffic
C.a safe place that can omly be used by policemen
D.a safe place that nobody can use without permission
9.Why did the traffic stop? Because .
A.all the drivers could understand French
B.perhaps a certain driver had broken the traffic rules
C.all the drivers knew the policeman very well
D.the policeman was directing the traffic
10.In which country do you think the story happened?
A.Switzerland. B.france.
C.England. D.A certain non-English speaking country.
(四)短改错
is my physics teacher.He has 1.75metres 1.
in the height.He was born on November4,1952.So 2.
he is a middle-aged man. graduated Qinghua 3.
University in 1978.After graduation,he becomes a middle 4.
school teacher.He has been taught physics for 20years. 5.
He is a success as a teacher.He has been given a 6.
lot of honors.He is not only a good teacher in the 7.
physics but also opeak English and Russian very well. 8.
In his spare time,he likes reading books,collect 9.
stamps and listening music.Also, is kind-hearted. 10.
答案：(一)1.C 2.A live“实况的” 3.C。对过去肯定推测的反意疑问句用have与主语相一致。 4.B 5.D对说话前动作的陈述。 6.B 7.D 8.D序数词后常用不定式作定语。 9.A date from=date back to 10.A 11.D 12.A 13.C 该句是为强调part而使其提置句首，后跟that定语从句。play a part/role in 在……起作用；扮演……角色。14.D “the+比较级+of the two+复数名词”表“两者中最……”。15.D puzzling“令人迷惑的”，puzzled“被迷惑的”。16.A“be about to ”不与表将来的时间状语连用。17.A 18.C follow/talk with advice听取……的意见，ask for one's advice征求……的意见。19.D have a word/talk with 和……聊一聊，have words with sb=quarrel with sb和……争吵 20.B
(二)1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.B 21.C 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.A
(三)1-5DBADD6-10DBBDC
(四)1.has改为is 2.去掉the 3.graduated后加from 4.becomes改为became 5.taught改为teaching 6.对 7.去掉the 8.speak改为speaks llect改为collecting 10.listening后加to
高三课件 篇8
《月亮宝石》这部小说是以1848年的英国为背景写的，但真实的故事发生在此前50年。月亮宝石是一块巨大的黄颜色的宝石，曾经是印度一座月神雕像的一部分。一个英国人谋杀了三名教士，从神殿里偷出宝石并带回伦敦。当他姐姐听说了此事之后，再也不跟他说话了。宝石被诅咒了，这个人也过着没有亲人和朋友的哀伤寂寞的生活。在他去世的时候，作为一种报复，他把月亮宝石留给了自己姐姐的女儿--雷切尔，同时也把坏的运气传给她。雷切尔将在自己18岁生日的宴会上收到月亮宝石作为礼物。
雷切尔.柯林斯是一个漂亮、富有的年轻女士。她跟自己的母亲和几个仆人住在英国北部的一所华美的房子里。在生日的前一天，她跟自己童年的伙伴弗兰克林.布莱尔一起在起居室的一扇门上画花鸟，他们一起做得很开心并且在雷切尔生日的当天完成了绘画。弗兰克林是一个抽烟的人，但他对雷切尔非常体贴。仆人们认为他为了让雷切尔高兴而把烟戒掉的行为是他爱上了雷切尔的证据。
首先，其中的一个客人--戈弗雷向雷切尔求婚，但是她拒绝了。戈弗雷是一个优雅成功的单身男子，有着众多的女性追求者。晚餐后，弗兰克林提到自从戒了烟后他便一直休息不好，一位本地的坎迪医生主动提出要给他开个药方。弗兰克林回答说医生无非是凭猜想来开药方，这让坎迪医生十分恼怒。最后，一些穿着不寻常的外国服饰的印度人进来为客人表演，但是他们的表演很不专业而且行为怪异。
晚会的最后客人们都离开了，剩下弗兰克林和戈弗雷留下过夜。睡觉前雷切尔把宝石放到了起居室橱柜的一个抽屉里，但第二天早晨宝石不见了。被丢失了这样一件贵重的宝石所困扰，雷切尔的妈妈雇佣了著名的侦探--卡夫巡佐来侦察这起偷窃案。随着故事的发展，我们发现了当晚在场的人的一些秘密以及他们可能偷走宝石的原因。
首先，卡夫巡佐怀疑是印度人。他发现他们并不是真正的表演者，而是虔诚的月神的追随者。他们在世界各地寻找月亮宝石，等待一个机会把它重新带回印度。侦探猜测是不是他们把月亮宝石藏在屋里的什么地方，等到每个人都睡着了，然后把它偷走。
仆人们也有机会偷走宝石。卡夫巡佐发现一个叫罗萨那的女仆在雷切尔的妈妈给她这个工作之前是个小偷。其他的仆人说她最近被发现在自己的房间里忙着做什么事一直到很晚，而且经常自己一个人散步。罗萨那也非常喜欢弗兰克林。侦探坚信她要么是“旧病”复发偷走了宝石，要么想在雷切尔和弗兰克林之间制造矛盾。
高三课件 篇9
Period 1 New words and expressions
Teaching aims and demands:
(1) To learn some words and expressions .
(2) To use the words and expressions correctly
1 advertise ___________
advertisement ___________
advertising ____________
advertiser ____________
advertise a soap _____________
advertise for a new secretary _____________
eg: (1) Amy saw _____in a local newspaper a teaching post at a high school close to where she lived.
A advertised B advertises C advertising D advertisement
(2) Nowadays,some stars like _____because they can _____a lot of money.
A advertisements;bring B advertising;make C to advertise; earn D making advertisements make
2 consider v ___________ 考虑干-----
____________ 认为-------
consideration n ________
considering prep__________
eg (1) 你应该考虑到你的健康状况.___________________________________
(2)______ he has only just started ,he knows a lot about it.
A Considering B Considered C To consider
consideration n
(1). 考虑[U][(+for/to)]
That matter is_____________________________那件事正在考虑之中。
Before writing your answers please give careful consideration ___the questions. 请在回答之前仔细考虑一下问题。
(2.) 需要考虑的事;动机,原因[C]
Price and quality are the two chief considerations.
价格和质量是两个主要考虑的问题。
(3). 体贴;关心[U][(+for)]
He __________________________________his wife. 他不体贴他的妻子。
词组： in consideration of=in return for/ on account of/ because of ______________ take---into consideration=take account of/ take…into account ___________
under consideration___________ on no consideration ___________ out of consideration for________________
You take quality into consideration. 您必须要考虑到质量问题
We must take into consideration our ability to pay when we import goods.
我们进口必须考虑我们的支付能力。
I always take fuel consumption（消耗） into consideration when buying a car. 我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内.
We may take into consideration accepting government-to-government or non-government loans（ 贷款）only if the conditions permit. （注意宾语后置） 只要条件合适，我们可以考虑接受政府间贷款或非政府间贷款。
under consideration在考虑中，在研究中
3 charge (1) 使---充满 a voice _______with tension
(2) 控告,指控 charge----with
(3)要价,收费 charge--- for
(4)记在 ---帐上
(5)使承担：使承担任务、责任或义务：charge sb to do/charge sb with
They charged him with the task of watching the young swimmers.
他们让他承担起看护年轻游泳者的任务
n (1) 主管,看管 _________________(由----掌管)
___________________(在---掌管下)
(2) 费用,价钱 _____________________(免费的)
(3) in charge 最常见用法是作后置定语，也作表语；表示主管的，负责的：
the person__________负责人；
the officer__________ 主管警官；
Who is in charge here? 这里谁负责？
eg (1) How much did the hotel charge you _______a room for the night?
(2) The police charged him ______careless driving.
(3) It is said that he is the manager of the company.In other words ,the company is ______________him.
4 blame blame sb for sth
blame sth on sb
be to blame
eg (1) ---Who is ______for the accident?
A to blame B to be blamed
(2) Don’t blame it_____,___________.别怪他,该怪我。
They __________________________George.他们把失败归咎于乔
(3)They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.
他们怪罪秘书造成计划延误。
5 appeal v (1)恳求,呼吁 appeal to sb for sth /to do
(2) 对---有吸引力,感兴趣 sth/sb appeal to sb
(3) 上诉 appeal to ----against
eg: (1)对露营这种想法我从来不感兴趣________________________
(2) 他不服判决而向高级法院上诉_________________________
政府呼吁每个人要节约用水________________________________
appeal n 呼吁,请求；上诉
He made one last appeal___ his father___ forgive him.
他最后一次恳求父亲宽恕他。
an appea_____ forgiveness
恳求原谅
The teacher listened to his appeal.
老师倾听了他的要求。
6 keep an eye out of ___________
keep an eye on ___________
keep watch ____________
keep back _____________
keep out _____________
keep off ______________
keep up _______________
keep up with ______________
keep---from doing _______________
eg (1) The boss _________100$ from my salary with no good reasons.
(2) It is important for us to _________a good state of mind when we take an important exam.
(3)_______the dog ,It might bite you.
7 attach---to ---- 系在,附在; 与---有联系
be attached to 迷恋,依恋
eg (1) He bought a house with a garage ______at a low price.
(2) Do you attach any importance _____what he said?
(3) We have grown _____to the old house and would hate to move.
8 convey vt. -veyed, -veying
(1). 运送,搬运,转运[(+from/to)]
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.
用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。
The truck conveyed machinery across the country.
这辆卡车在全国各地运送机器。
( 2.) 传播(声音等)
A wire conveys an electric current.电线传导电流。
Wires convey electricity.金属线导电。
(3). 传达,传递,表达[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]
I found________________________________ 我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
I will convey the information to him.我将把这消息通知他。
If you'll leave a message, I'll convey it to him. 如果你愿意留下口信，我会转告他的。
(4). 转让(财产等)[(+to)]
老农夫将其农场转让给儿子________________________________________.
比较：convey， carry， transport， transmit
这些动词，当它们指人或物从一个地方向另一个地方运动时，可相互比较。
convey 常常含有持续、有规律地运动或流动的意思。
carry 适用范围很广，但常常表示运动时支撑着某物：
The train carries baggage, mail, and passengers. 火车运送行李、邮件及乘客。
transport 主要限于人或有形物体的常常是长距离的运动：
Huge tankers are used to transport oil.用巨型油轮来运输石油。
The city uses buses to transport students to school.这城市用公共汽车载送学生去学校。
transmit 指经过、发送或传播某物：
Please transmit the stock certificates by special messenger.
请通过特种邮件投递将股票票证寄来。
The cost of transmitting books by air is very high.空运书籍的费用很高。
Period 2 Warming up
Teaching aims and demands:
(1)To improve the Ss’speaking and listening skills
Teaching procedure:
Step 1 Disscussion
SB p37 Let the Ss disscuss the questions in the text then check the answers with the Ss.
Step 2 Listening
Listen to the tape and finish the exercise on page 38
Step 3 Speaking
Divide the Ss into several groups to disscuss and let them report their ideas to the class
Period 3 Reading
Teaching aims and demands:
(1)To get general ideas of the passage
(2)To improve the Ss’ reading skill
(3)To learn some knowledge about advertising
Teaching procedue
Step 1 Pre-reading
Disscussion : Disscuss the advantages and disadvantages of advertisements.
How can we make good use of good ads?
Fill in the form on page 39
Step 2 While reading
Read the text quickly and try to get general idea of each paragraph
Paragraph 1________________________________________________
Paragraph 2________________________________________________
Paragraph 3_________________________________________________
Paragraph4-6 _______________________________________________
Paragraph 7_________________________________________________
Paragroph 8_________________________________________________
Step 3 Careful-reading
Questions:
(1) How do people react to ads?And why?
___________________________________________________________
(2) what is the basic principle of advertising?
___________________________________________________________
(3) What are the advantages of advertising?
____________________________________________________________
(4) How bad ads mislead consumers?
____________________________________________________________
(5) How can we protect ourselves from false ads?
§1.1细枝末节
1.The development of media has gone hand ___ hand____ the development of advertising.
A.by;by B.by;with C.in;with D.in;by
2.People react to advertisements in different ways.Because .
A.ads are useful and entertaining to some people while annoying to others
B.ads are useful and entertaining
C.ads are annoying
D.ads are not only useful and entertaining but annoying
3.When we buy an expensive product, can help us make the right decision.
A.sellers B.ads C.our friends D.defenders
4.“Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits” means .
A.all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
B.few ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
C.no ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
D.all ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
5.In order not to become easy target for ad makers,we must .
A.distinguish between fiction and facts B.watch TV more often
C.believe all the ads D.never believe any ads
6.The best chance to reach customers for the advertisers is to .
A.appeal to their emotions B.make interesting pictures
C.give customers proper prices D.send messages to customers
§1.2主旨大意
7.Paragraph 4 is mainly about .
A.ads must increase the production
B.ads must reduce the price of the production
C.ads must help companies and customers
D.ads must make a product more expensive
8.Which sentence tells us the main idea of Paragraph 5?
A.The most important function of advertising is to introduce the prices of the products.
B.The most important function of advertising is to introduce the types of the products.
C.The most important function of advertising is to introduce new products.
D.The most important function of advertising is to introduce the company where the products come from.
9.Why is advertising popular?
A.Because ads are found in newspapers.
B.Because ads are found on the Internet.
C.Because ads are found on TV.
D.Because ads are found everywhere.
§1.3推理判断
10.We can infer from the last sentence of the text that .
A.we must learn to believe ads B.we must learn to accept ads
C.we must learn to analyse ads D.we must learn to accuse ads
Step 4 Post-reading
Answer the following questions
1 Why is advertising popular?
2 How dose advertising help consumers and companies?
3 Why do advertisers often have to work to attract people’s attention?
4 What is a “bait-and-switch” ad?
5 Make a list of advantages and disadvantages.
Period 4 Language points in reading
Teaching aims and demands:
(1) To learn and grasp some important phrases in the text
(2) To learn some important language points
Learing the following points
1 hand in hand
(1)手拉手地
(2)密切联系
小男孩和他母亲手拉手地走______________________________________
肮脏与疾病是密切相关的。______________________________________
权和钱密不可分。 _______________________________________
by hand __________
on one hand,on the other hand __________
give/lend sb a hand __________
hand in ___________
hand down ___________
hand out ___________
eg: The custom is handed _____from generation to generation.
2 react
react to 作出反应,反应
react on/upon 影响,起作用
react against 反抗，反对
react with/on 发生化学反应
eg How did she react____ the news?
How did your mother react___ the news? She reacted by getting very angry.
The two react upon each other. 这两者互相影响。
Children tend to react_______ their parents by going against their wishes.
How do acids react on metals?
酸对金属会起怎样的化学反应?
An acid can react ____a base to form a salt.
酸和碱反应会产生盐。
3. annoy
(1). 惹恼,使生气;使烦恼 be annoyed with sb/be annoyed at sth
eg His mother ____him___ being so rude to their neighbors.
A annoyed with;for B annoyed for;for
C was annoyed with;f D was annoyed for ;with
We’re annoyed____ his impolite treatment of his old friends.
他用这种不礼貌的态度对待老朋友,我们都感到气愤。
The sound of footsteps on the bare floor ______the downstairs neighbors. 楼上地板的脚步声吵得楼下住户心烦。
(2) 困扰,打搅
These flies are annoying me. 这些苍蝇一直在打搅我
4 accuse---of 指控,指责
eg She______________________ her watch. 她控告他偷她的表。
He accused his boss of having broken his word. 他指责老板不守信。
He was accused of murder. 有人指控他谋杀
6 by+n/Ving=by means of
Some ads mislead us _____(show)pictures that are only partly true or have been changed better.
7 associate v n___________.
(1.) associate----with 联想,把...联想在一起
They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.他们把火鸡和感恩节联系在一起。
这样一场大雪你有什么联想?____________________________
(2)使联合,使结合[+with]
(3). 使有联系 I didn't want to________________ it at all.我根本 不想与这事有牵连。
(4) 结交,交往[+with]
He___________________________________他与各种各样的人交往。
Never associate with bad companions. 千万不要与坏人为伍
8 get across
(1). 使...被理解,为人理解
I couldn't get my point across in the debate.
在辩论中我无法清楚地表明自己的观点。
He found it difficult to_______________ them.
他发现他难以使他们了解他的想法。
(2) 使信服：使有说服力或可了解：
How can I get across to the students? 我怎样才能让学生心服口服
(3). (使)越过;(使)渡过 I can't get across the river.
9 frequent adj.常见的；频繁的frequency n频率 frequently adv经常地
I enjoyed his________ visits.
我喜欢他经常来访。
Frequent failures did not affect his morale（士气）.
屡次失败都没有使他泄气。
Rains are______ here in early summer. 这儿在初夏季节常下雨。
10 not all/both/every/everything/everyone /everywhere/always----并非
=all--- not/both---not/not---every/---
eg:All the anwers are not right.=___________________________
None of the answers are right.__________________________
It is not always easy to spot a bad ad._____________________
11 be better able to
12 be aware of 熟悉---- 了解------
学生们应该了解认真学习的重要性____________________________
13 figure
(1) 外形;体形;人影
I saw a figure in the darkness.我看到暗处有一个人影。
(2) 体态;风姿 保持身材________________
She has an attractive figure.
她有迷人的曲线。
She has a slender figure.
她身材苗条。
(3) 人物;名人
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已成了一个知名人物。
(4)数字
Where did you get those figures?
你从哪儿得到那些数字的?
(5)图表;图解;插图
14 distinguish---from
distinguish---bet ween A and B
Translation:
一种高速发展的产业
对广告的反应
作出明智的选择
一方面,另一方面
将产品与消费者的需求联系起来
将信息阐述清楚
投合-------情感
考虑成本
拥有事实和数据的武装
保持体形
手拉手
负责,掌管
留心,注意-------
他因为考试作弊被指责
辨别真伪
让公众了解社会问题和政府政策
认真思考,谨慎思考
Period 5 Word study and Grammar
Teaching aims and demands
(1) Consolidate the words that has been learned
(2) Rerview grammar:the Object Complement
Period 6 Integrating skill
Teaching aims and demands:
(1) To improve the students’ abilities of reading and comprehension
(2) To learn some language points
Step 1 Reading comprehention
(1) How does the language used in ads differ from ordinary languages?
(2) How do companies choose names for their products?
(3) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a story as an advertisement?
(4) What is strange about the phrases “a free gift” and “an added bonus”
Step 2 Language points
make sense
1 mke sense of
in a sense
eg: The manager has got a good business_____, so the company is doing well.
A idea B sense C thought D thinking
No matter how I tried to read, the sentence ____________________(我还是不懂这个句子)
You are right _________but you don’t know all about the fact.
2 bargain for/on sth 期望;预备
bargain with sb about (over/for) sth 与---讨价还价
It’s a bargain ______________
A bargain price=at a low price
Eg;After much _____,the shop owner agreeed to cut down the price by 2 0%.
A debating B talking C disscussing D bargaining
3 with the purpose of ______________
on purpose ______________
4 partly---and partly----一方面----另一方面
我去那儿既是工作需要,有是为了娱乐
_______________________________________
Exercise
高三课件 篇10
Reading:
Warming up
Look at the pictures and match each flower with its correct name
Which flower is your favorite? Explain why.
Pre-reading
Why was Carl Linnaeus important to the history of botany as a science?
His system of grouping plants in families was unique, which based on the arrangement of the male and female organs in the flowers.
While-reading
Fast reading
How many people are mentioned in the passage?
Carl Linnaeus Daniel Solander Joseph Banks Captain Cook
Careful reading
1. Before Linnaeus botany was ________．D
A．studied by doctors B．unknown to anyone C．fully developed D．a branch of medicine
2. Some economic species plants such as____ could help to develop local economies．C
A．rose and peony B．tea and apple C．cocoa and hemp D．Cocoa and lemon
3. It was ____ who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research．A
A．Joseph Banks B．Captain Cook C．Linnaeus D． Daniel Solander
4.Paragraph one of the text mainly tells us ___ ．C
A．the importance of botany B．how to classify plant species into groups
C．Linnaeus’contribution to botany D．Linnaeus’discoveries about different species
5.Captain Cook made ___voyages altogether around the world. C
A．one B．Two C．Three D.four
Post-reading
1. How did scientists classify plants before Linnaeus?
Some scientists classified plants into herbs and trees, or according to the shape of the fruit, or whether they had flowers or not.
2. What were the goals of James Cook’s first voyage around the world?
To study the passing of the planet Venus across the sun; to record, classify and describe all plant and animal life observed during the trip; to search for an unknown southern continent.
3. Why did Joseph Banks have to supply his own money to equip part of the expedition?
Because the government would not pay for such a new field of science as botany.
4. What could be a possible explanation for the name “strawberry”?
When people plant strawberry, they spread straw under the fruit to reduce the necessary amount of watering.
Integrating skills
Scanning
Find out the important people mentioned in the text.
Charles Darwin From England Gregor Mendel From Austria
Gote Turesson From Sweden
Choose the best answers according to the passage
1. The research by Darwin, Mendel and Turesson shows that_ . C
A. genetics is more important than the environment to plants
B. genetics is less important than the environment to plants
C. both genetics and the environment are important to plants
D. neither genetics nor the environment is important to plants
2. Darwin observed that the birds with _ _ would eat_ . B
A. small beaks l hard seeds B．broad beaks；hard seeds
C. hard beaks；hard seeds D．broad beaks；soft seeds
3.Darwin joined the scientific expedition on _____ ． C
A. the Endeavour B.Tahiti C．the Beagle D．space
4. Scientists of the nineteenth century believed that . D
A．the development of new species was behind the influence of the environment
B．the development of new species and the influence of the environment were hand in hand
C．the development of new species had nothing to do with the influence of the environment
D the influence of the environment was behind the development of new species .
5. Darwin studied physics，chemistry and botany because_________ . B
A．he was invited to join scientific expedition
B．he was interested in them
C．he could do a lot Of experiments
D．he wanted to finish his book“On the Origin of Species”
Fill in the following blanks
Scientist
Research/experiment
Result
Charles Darwin
The wild life of Galapagos, many varieties of garden roses
There were differences between the species of the different islands’yet all showed a clear relationship with those of America’ differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.
Gregor Mendel
Flowers and peas
Many characteristics were passed on from one generation to the next, without influence by the environment. His research gave birth to the science of genetics.
Gote Turesson
A wild plant found on the Swedish west coast
Found evidence for the existence of stable varieties within species in nature. He showed that differences between plants of one species occurred as a result of the environmental conditions in their habitat.
The text can be divided into four parts
Part I Pa1-3: Darwin and his research.
Part II Pa4-5: Mendel and his experiment.
Part III Pa6: Turesson and his study
Part IV Pa7: the importance and significance of the research of the three.
Important sentences in the passage
1. It was Darwin’s visit on the Beagle to the Galapagos Isles that gave him the key to his new theory.
2. Back home, in England, Darwin realized that differences in habitat could lead to different species in birds as well as in plants.
3. As a result of Darwin and Mendel’s research, scientists of the nineteenth century formed the belief that that influence of the environment was behind the development of new species.
4. It would take a next generation of scientists to bring the importance of the environment on species back in view.
Translate the following phrases into English:
详细地 in detail 处于支配的地位，负责 in charge of
由……负责 in the charge of 任命某人为……appoint sb. as
将……分类成classify…into… 计算……之间的距离 calculate the distance between…
一代一代传下去pass on from one generation to the next 建于…；以…为基础be based on
参与; 陷入 ……的活动be involved in 根据;视……而定；按照according to
搜索；寻找 search for 总而言之 altogether
match…with （在品质；颜色；设计等方面）相等，相当，相配
at the age of 在……岁时 look out for 警惕;留心;守侯
on a large scale 大规模地;大范围地 year after year 年年;年复一年
pass away 逝世 name…after 给……取名;命名
take care of 关心;照顾 classify…into 分类;归类
develop a lifelong friendship with 与……结存了终生好朋友 born into 出生
have an appetite for knowledge 有求知欲 a great deal of 大量;许多(用于不可数名词)
lie in 在于 related to 与……有关
the key to 关键是(在于) adapt to 适应于
be sunken into 堕入 a bunch of flowers
at first sight lead a cosy life
make two more voyages be involved in
lead sb. to do sth. calculate the distance between
pass on from on generation to the next form the belief
in view adapt to the new environment
Unit 5 Getting the message
Reading:
Look at the pictures on page37 and fill in the chart
Items
Ad 1
Ad 2
Ad 3
The products they persuade you to buy
Advanced electronic roducts
Shampoo
Soft drinks
How to persuade
By using abstract design, slogan and pictures
By using wonderful pictures ,slogan and realistic products
By using wonderful pictures, slogan and products
The message each ad gives
High quality,
Help customers to succeed
Create beauty,bring happiness and love to customers
Help athletes to refresh themselves.
How is the information conveyed
Pictures, slogan, spokesman
Products,slogan, pictures
Pictures,slogan, products
Words related to advertising
advertise, advertisement advertiser, brand, post, spokesman, spokeswoman, designer, entertain, promote, customer, slogan, text, writer mislead, humorous, persuasive, broadcast, annoy, appeal to
Pre-reading
Collect advantages and disadvantages of advertisements from the students
Advantages Disadvantages
Provide information Mislead customers
Increase sales Give false or incorrect information
Make the public aware of social problem Raise the price of products
…
1.the first form of advertising : in Greece and Egypt around 1500 B.C.
2.the first printed advertisement: in London 1477
3.the first commercials on radio: about 1920
4.the first commercial on TV: after World War 2
Reading Find out the main idea for each paragraph
Pa1: Ads are found almost everywhere
Pa2: People react to advertisements in different ways.
Pa3: The basic principle of advertisements is to influence customers’ choices.
Pa4: Ads help companies and customers n a variety of ways.
Pa5: the most important function of advertising is to introduce new products.
Pa6: Governments and other organizations use ads to make people aware of government policies and social problems.
Pa7: Customers should be careful of illegal ads.
Pa8: Customers should learn to protect themselves from false ads and make smart choices.
Answer the following questions
Fast reading
1.What is people’s reaction to ads.? P2
2.What is the basic principle of advertising? P3
3.What is the most important function of ads? P5
4.what’s the advantage of good ads? P8
Careful reading
1.Why is advertising popular?
2.How does advertising help consumers and companies?
3.What is the basic principle behind advertisements?
4.Why do advertisers often have to work hard to attract people’s attention?
5.What is a “bait-and-switch” a?
6.How can we protect ourselves from misleading ads?
Choose the best answers:
1.The word “advertising” means to make a product known to . D
A managers through broadcast B leaders by radios
C firms by printed notices D people in various ways.
2.One advantage of advertising is that it helps . A
A increase product sales B make a product more expensive
C increase production D reduce the costs of a product
3.Advertising is a highly developed . B
A information B industry C trade D science
4.The development of radio, television, cinema, magazines and newspapers has with the development of advertising. B
A followed up B gone hand in hand C gone behind D taken place
5. The best chance to reach customers is to . C
A sell them the product B sell them what money can not buy: love, happiness and success.
C appeal to their emotions D reduce the price of the products.
6．The development of media has gone hand hand the development of advertising. C
A. by; by B. by; with C. in; with D. in; by
8.People react to advertisements in different ways.Because . 答案：A
A. ads are useful and entertaining to some people while annoying to others
B. ads are useful and entertaining C. ads are annoying
D.ads are not only useful and entertaining but annoying
9.When we buy an expensive product, can help us make the right decision. 答案：B
A. sellers B. ads C. our friends D. defenders
10.“Not all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits” means . 答案：D
A. all ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
B. few ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
C. no ads are used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
D. all ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits
11.In order not to become easy target for ad makers, we must . 答案：A
A. distinguish between fiction and facts B. watch TV more often
C. believe all the ads D. never believe any ads
12.The best chance to reach customers for the advertisers is to . 答案：A
A. appeal to their emotions B. make interesting pictures
C. give customers proper prices D. send messages to customers
13.Paragraph 4 is mainly about . 答案：C
A. ads must increase the production B. ads must reduce the price of the production
C. ads must help companies and customers D. ads must make a product more expensive
14.Which sentence tells us the main idea of Paragraph 5? 答案：C
A. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the prices of the products.
B. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the types of the products.
C. The most important function of advertising is to introduce new products.
D. The most important function of advertising is to introduce the company where the products come from.
15.Why is advertising popular? 答案：C
A. Because ads are found in newspapers. B. Because ads are found on the Internet.
C. Because ads are found on TV. D. Because ads are found everywhere.
16.We can infer from the last sentence of the text that . 答案：C
A. we must learn to believe ads B. we must learn to accept ads
C. we must learn to analyse ads D. we must learn to accuse ads
T or F
1.People react to advertisements in different ways.( )
2.The basic principle of advertising is fairly difficult.( )
3.Since an increase in sales means an increase in production, the price may be increased, too. ( )
4.Truthful ads provide good information that helps customers to decide whether they want or need the advertised product.( )
5.Perhaps the most important function of advertising is to increase a company’s profits. ( )
6.By using the techniques developed by the advertising industry, governments and other non-profit organizations can spread knowledge, change attitudes and improve society.( )
7.All ads are not used to promote a product or to increase a company’s profits.( )
Difficult sentences
1.The development of radio ,television and other media has gone hand in hand with the development.
2.Customers see so many ads every day that advertisers must work hard to get their message across.
3.The best chance to reach customers is to appeal to their emotions.
4.First of all ,we should always keep an eye out for “hidden information”.
Integrating skills
Fill in the blanks for the revision
Advertising is a highly developed industry. It has gone hand in hand with radio, television and other media.
People react to ads in different ways. Some think ads are useful and help consumers
make informed choices while others accuse companies of using ads to mislead us. Companies can influence customers’ choices by introducing a brand name and by associating products with customers’ needs. There are so many ads for customers that advertisers must try to get their message across by appealing to their emotions.
Ads help companies and customers in all kinds of ways. They can help companies increase sales . At the same time , they help customers choose among all the available products. In fact, truthful ads provide good information,and help customers compare feathers, functions and costs. Some governments name a famous person as their spokesman or spokeswoman to make people aware
of their social problems and policies.
Customers should protect themselves by keeping an eye out for bad ads, telling false information from real facts and making good choices.
II Lead-in
1 what product do they persuade you to buy?
2 what information about product can you get?
3 How is the information conveyed?
4 What are the skills of making good ads?
III Reading
1 How do the ad-makers create a positive image of the product they are promoting?
2 How do ad-makers choose a name for the product?
3 What kind of slogans should be used to make the consumers to form a positive image? Can you give an example?
4 How are the ads presented ?
How to create a positive image of the product
Choose the words and brand names A good slogan
1 tell the consumer about 1 should be catchy
the advantages of the product 2 easy to remember
2 choose a funny name 3 convey a message
3 use a well-known word
4 choose names from old stories
5 invent a new word
Ads are started with a puzzle or question
And presented in a humorous way
in order to 为的是;目的在于 take …into consideration 考虑某事物
compare…with…把……与……比较(对比) complain about 对某人与某物抱怨
in charge of… 负责;处于控制或支配的地位 hand in hand 手拉手;密切关联的
with the develop of 随着……发展 on the other hand 另一方面
get… across 传播或为人理解 instead of 代替(后面接名词代词动名词或介词短语)
appeal to 呼吁;上诉;投合(兴趣或心愿) armed with用…… 做准备;备有
make sb. aware of 使人明白;觉察;意识到 keep an eye out for留心或注意到某人或某事物
protect…from… 防护而不受 at the right time 在恰当的时候
point out to (向某人)指出;使注意 make sense 有意义;有道理;讲得通
accuse…of… 指责;控告 attach to 系;贴;固定;附着
differ from 不同于 attach importance to 给予重视
start with 以 开始 with the purpose of 以 为目的
point out 指出 refer to 指/参考
think twice 慎重考虑 large amounts of money
make good choices out of ten
take a critical attitude towards advertisements with the purpose of
a series of at a loss
profit by / from
Unit 6
Reading
Lead-in and Pre-reading
1． Who the Native Americans were? Where did they live and what do you know about their life?
The Native Americans were the Indian. They lived in the vast land of West America and their life was simple and hard. They hunt for food and rode on horses.
2. History counts many cases in which settlers moved into areas that belonged to other people. Can you give some examples? What happened?
The American continents were peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first from Asia, and the second from Europe and Africa. The first movement began probably 25, 000 years ago when Siberian tribes, in search of new hunting grounds or of refuge from pursuing enemies, crossed over the Bering Strait to Alaska. By 1492, over 10-20 million people, mistakenly called Indians by Christopher Columbus, inhabited the Americans. They developed their own aboriginal cultures, which ranged from the simple to the complex, from those of the primitive tribes to the brilliant civilizations of the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas. The second migration to the Americas began with the expansion of Europe at the start of the modern period from the 16th century.
3. The new settlements in America soon became known as the Wild West. Why?
Because the western states of the US during the years were settled by the first Europeans. There was not much respect for the law there.
Read the text then answer some questions.
1 When did we decide to move to another place? 1845,10
2 How long did the journey last? About a year
3 What is our first destination? India Greek in Kansas
4．What does “account” in the first line means?
The “account” here means description. For example, “She gave the police a full account of the incident.”
5. In paragraph two, the author mentioned Indian Greek. Where was it and was it very important?
It was in Kansas. It was the frontier at that time and also the meeting place for people moving to the west.
6. Do you know what difficulties they ran into during the journey?
They entered the desert and lost their way, and didn’t have enough water to drink. Their animals died from lack of water.
7. According to the fourth paragraph, why do people call the desert Death Valley?
People showed coldness and were not willing to help others in trouble. They abandoned everything they could. Valley is in chaos and full of dead animals. Therefore, we called it Death Valley.
8. Is the journey hard? Can you make some examples about it?
Yes, it is hard. You can make many examples.
9. What is the theme of this passage?
If you make unremitting efforts, you will achieve your goals. Don’t give up before difficulties.
Listening
Listen to the tape carefully then do these exercises.
Post-reading
Exercise1. True or False
1 We traveled alone. (F with many other families)
2．When a young man in our group suggested that I stay behind with the children and wait for help, I agreed. (F I didn’t agree.)
3. When the animals smelt the water, they all ran.
Exercise 2
Choose the best answers
1.The reason why my father wanted to go to California is that . 答案：C
A. California was in desert B. California was far away
C. California was a wonderful land described in a book
D. California was the largest state in the USA
2.People moving to the west would meet in . 答案：A
A. Kansas B. California C. Salt Lake Valley D. Salt Lake Desert
3.On which day did the author enter the Salt Lake Desert? 答案：B
A. April 12. B. November 4. C. October 15. D. December 25.
4.Why did the travelers call their ninety-mile drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “Long Drive”? 答案：D
A Because the landscape was dry and barren. B. Because water was salty and not drinkable.
C. Because their water supply was so low. D. All of the above.
5.After the travelers burnt their wagons, they had to go on their feet with another miles to go. B
A.2 500 B.500 C.90 D.45
6.Why didn’t the author stay behind with the children and wait for help? A
A. Because that meant he/she would die.
B. Because he/she knew that children were tiresome.
C. Because he/she knew that there was a wagon waiting for him/her.
D. Because he/she felt he/she could get a prize by his/her father.
7.The animals almost ran when the travelers reached the edge of the desert, why? 答案：C
A. Because they were tired and weak. B. Because they had no burden.
C. Because they must have smelt the water. D. Because they went back to their home.
8.How long did the author spend finishing the journey? 答案：A
A. More than 40 months. B. About 2 months.
C. About a year. D. About a year and a month.
9.From the text, we can infer . 答案：D
A. the author and the travelers had to go all day and all night long
B. there was no oxen left when the travelers reached California
C. many travelers died when their days of hardship came to an end
D .it’s a long way to travel from the author’s hometown to California
10.The best title of the text is . 答案：B
A.A Journey To California B. Long Drive
C. The Salt Lake Desert D. Enjoy Your Life
Questions:
1 Where in the text do you find evidence that the wagons were not he most suitable means of transport? You can find your answers in paragraph 3.
2 Why did the travelers call their ninety mile-drive through the Salt Lake Desert the “long drive”?
We had to travel long without water or grass for the animals to eat. It was hard.
3 What can you learn from this reading passage? What impresses you most?
1)After suffering from many difficulties, we can live a better life. Facing the hardship, never give up, etc.
2)The courage of the people impresses me most.
Passage analysis
1. What the writing techniques of this text are?
A. Use of the chronological order to narrate the story.
B. Use many participles to make the text readable and concise.
C. The landscape of the Salt Lake Valley sharply contrasts with that of the Salt Lake Desert. The scenery of the Salt Lake Valley is very beautiful, however, that of the Salt Lake Desert is dry and barren. Use the sharp contrastive scenery, expressing the hero’s optimism about the life that he dreamed of in the West and coming across the difficulties on the way to the West.
2. What is the writing style of the text?
The text is a narrative writing, which related a story that the hero’s family and other many families moved to the West. They ran into many difficulties on the way to the West. Finally they got to the West and started a new life. The text, which uses the first person to relate the hero’s true experiences, gives us a vivid description.
3.What is the main idea of the text?
The text related a story that the hero’s family and other many families moving to the West. They ran into many difficulties on the way to the West. Finally they got to the West and started a new life. When they came across the problems, they didn’t escape them. However, they faced reality and solved the problems. They insisted on and made unremitting efforts, so they made their dream come true. Moreover, An iron pestle can be ground down to a needle - perseverance will prevail.
4. What’s the purpose of the writer?
The writer wanted to tell us “When one comes across the problems, one shouldn’t escape them. However, he should learn to face reality and solve the problems. As long as he overcomes the difficulties and never gives up, he will achieve his goals and succeed. Moreover, he has dreams in his heart. As long as he insists on and makes unremitting efforts, I believe he will make his dreams come true some day. In fact, life itself is a battle. Natural environment and nature are your enemies. If you defeat them, you can live in the world, or it is death that is waiting for you.”
5. What can we learn from this text?
We learned that during our lifetime, we may run into many difficulties. When we come across the problems, we shouldn’t try to escape. Instead, we should learn to face reality and solve the problems. As long as we overcome the difficulties and never give up, we will achieve our goals and succeed. Moreover, we all have dreams in our heart. As long as we insist on and make unremitting efforts, we will make our dreams come true one day.
Integrating skills
Lead-in
What did he describe in the novel The Call of Wild by Jack London? And where did the story happen?
This story happened in Alaska, a far and cold land. It described the life of a dog named Buck as well as other dogs’ encounter.
Reading
1. Who do you think the three persons are? What are they talking about?
I think Mr. Rivers is the host of a program. I guess Mr. Parks is a historian or something else. Ms. Welch is the granddaughter of Dr Welch. And Dr Welch was a doctor of a small city called Nome.
2. Where did the story happen? And what happened to the children?
The story happened in a small city called Nome. Some children in the city had a terrible disease and they would die if they couldn’t get enough vaccine.
3. Where could they get the vaccine that would save the children?
A hospital in Anchorage had a good supply of vaccine. It was far away from Nome.
4. What difficulties did they meet on the way and how did they overcome them?
They faced many difficulties. First, the time was limited. The children would die if their treatment was delayed too long. Second, at that time, the sea was frozen and the only two planes had been stored, nothing got to Nome quickly. Third, The Arctic winter was very cold and there were terrible storms.
Difficulties with the medicine delivery
Their attitudes and solutions
Traffic problems: The sea frozen; the only two planes stored; no quick traffic
A train took the medicine from Anchorage to Nenana; A relay of dog teams between Nenana and Nome
Snow storms and low temperature
Kept going without stop
Time limitation
Covered almost 700 miles in little more than 127 hours
Post-reading
Questions on P53 and P54.
Suggested answers:
1. Flu and diphtheria
2. As we all know, SARS spread through the world in . SARS is short for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
3. Dr Welch could save the children if he could get enough vaccine as quickly as possible.
4. Relay is an act of passing something along from one person, group, or station to another. We have relay race in sports, and torch relay.
5. A relay of dog sleds was chosen as the best transportation because in 1925, nothing got to Nome quickly, the sea was frozen, and the only two planes had been stored.
Phrases
believe in 信任;信耐 stand for 代表;代替
adapt to 适宜 lose heart 灰心;泄气
be cast away (被)抛弃 give up 放弃
less than 少于;不足 set off for 开始(旅程;赛跑);出发
move on 继续前进 take the way 出发;首途
lose one’s way 迷路 hang out 伸出
in desperate need of 在极度需要的(时候) on our feet=on foot 步行
be accustomed to doing sth. (通常用于被动语态)习惯于 suffer from 患病;遭受……之苦
hurry on to (with) 赶紧办理;急急忙忙地去做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事
start doing sth. 开始做某事 go on all fours 用四肢
(at)the edge of of (在)……边缘 stare at 瞪视; 凝视
come to an end 结束;终止 a race against time 与时间赛跑
save…from 挽救……免于 take up to 占用(时间;空间)
at stake 在危险中;关系重大 risk one’s life to 冒险去做某事
apply…to… 运用;应用 add up (两个或两个以上的数量或量)加起来
take it easy 别紧张;放松点 keep up 维持;保持;使某事处于高水平
common sense 常识;情理 leave behind 忘带;留下
live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存 tie up 系;拴;捆
go for 为……去;努力获取 be more of a leader than a follower
be honest with by day / by night
pass through be on one’s feet
be accustomed to in anxiety of
reach the promised land come to an end
a relay of dog teams take up to 13 days
高三课件 篇11
全面扫描
类别 新 课 标 要 求
重
点
单
词 standard conscience anyway admit abundant personally occupy ambition constant welfare composer noble gain selfish wage clap dictation alphabet stick academic acquire acquisition awful instruct motivation anxious tyre secure translator interpreter adopt patience overweight operation comprehension junior association senior
重
点
短
语
1. leave alone 不管,随……去
2. in need of /in want of 需要
3. lose up （犹指暂时）关闭
4. bring in 生产,介绍,引进
5. afford to 承担得起
6. in the race to do sth 可能成功地做……
7. make it short 长话短说
8. have no eye for 不关心, 不注意
9. have eyes/an eye for 对……感兴趣
10. urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
11. comment on 评论
12. in honor of 为纪念,为庆祝
13. in favor of 支持
14. in face of 面对……
16. make sense of 弄懂……的意思
17. in other words 换句话说
18. take risks/ a risk 冒险
19. experiment with 进行实验
20. fall behind 落后于
21. adjust to 适应
22. in common 共同,共同享有的
23. as a consequence 结果是
24. contribute to 捐献 对……起作用
25. be concerned about 关心
语
法 1.The Adverbial
2.The subjunctive mood
重
点
句
型 1. If I hear another sound from you, you will go where it is really cold. 要是再听到你说一个冷字，我就叫你到真正冷的地方去。(地点状语从句)
2. Personally, I don’t care. 我个人是无所谓的。
3. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late. 我觉得是因为他走路比以前慢了，最近总是迟到。(表语从句)
4. If we develop our study skills, we may find that learning a foreign language does not have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue … (倍数表达法)
如果我们发展了我们的学习技能，我们就可能发现，学习外语的难度并不一定是我们学习母语难度的两倍。
5.…it is probably best to start with a shorter visit.
……那么你最好一开始只作短期的访问。
重点突破
1．In the race to become rich quickly, some people forget that business is not only about making money and profits.有可能迅速致富，但有些人忘记了做生意不仅仅是赚钱和获取利润。
in the race =in the running 有获胜、胜利的希望
in the race可在句中做表语或后接动词不定式
Despite setbacks he is still much in the race.
虽然遭到挫折，他仍有胜利的希望。
Charles is still in the race as a possible next head of the firm. 查尔斯仍有希望当这家公司下一任的主管。
2. It’s so cold in here. 这里很冷。
在英语中少数几个介词可接副词、介词短语作为其宾语。
I live not far away near here. 我住的地方离这儿不远。
He took a look at me from above his glasses.
他从镜框的上方扫了我一眼。
There was no way except by boat. 除了乘船没有出路。
3. If I hear another sound from you, you will go where it is really cold. 要是再听到你说一个冷字，我就叫你到真正冷的地方去。 (地点状语从句)
go是不及物动词，where引导地点状语从句；常见的引导地点状语从句的连接词还有wherever。
Please make marks where you have questions when you are reading books. 阅读的时候在有问题的地方划上记号。
They teach wherever their pupils live.
学生住在哪里,老师们就在哪里上课。
【温故知新】
注意地点状语从句和定语从句的区别,有时候两种从句可以转换。
We should go where it is quieter.＝We should go to a place where / in which it is quieter.
我们应该到更安静些的地方去
Sit wherever you like. ＝Sit at any place where / in which you like. 请随便坐。
但where引导地点状语从句时可前置句首,而引导定语从句时则不可。
Generally speaking, where there is water, life is likely to be seen. 一般而言，在有水的地方，你就能见到生命。
【点击高考】
⑴If you are traveling _____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. （天津）
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
【题解】D where引导的是地点状语从句；A项只可能出现在定语从句中，in which前面应该有先行词。
⑵-Mom, what did your doctor say? (2006四川)
-He advised me to live _____the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
【题解】D根据句子结构，A项明显错误；B项引导定语从句，选项前无先行词；live是不及物动词，应有一介词in才能选C项。引导状语从句的where=in/at/to the place where.
⑶We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山东)
A. where B. that C. when D. which
【题解】A where 引导定语从句，指地点，在从句中作状语。意思是：在这一点上。类似的结构有：I can hardly find a situation where this idiom can be used.
⑷In peace, too，the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering. (2006江西)
A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever
【题解】D 地点状语从句考查，从题干理解“无论在什么地方出现人类灾难”，才能“期待红十字会提供帮助”。
⑸The place _____the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (江苏)
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
【题解】C 检查考生对逻辑关联用语的掌握和运用能力。第一空为介词+关系代词引导定语从句，第二空为表语从句，表示地点，应用连接词where。
⑹If a shop has chairs ____women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. （2005上海）
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【题解】D 定语从句考查，where替代先行词chairs在从句中作地点状语；句意：如果商店提供让男人坐的椅子，女人会在商店花更多的时间选购。
⑺I walked in our garden, ______Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （2005辽宁）
A. which B. when C. where D. that
【题解】D该句为非限定性定语从句，通过句意不难看出，where作定语从句的地点状语，可排除that和which。
4. I have to pay you a whole day’s wages for no work at all. 你一整天都不工作，我还得付你工钱。
【温故知新】
wage n. (pl.) 每日或每周以现金支付的工资
pay 泛指工资
salary 按月支付、直接转入银行帐户
fee 指专业服务的费用如私人医生、律师等
payment 一次性或不定期工作所得报酬
income 指全部的固定收入包括工资及存款利息
[能力拓展]
选择填空
⑴My ____ is paid directly into my bank account.
A. wages B. salary C. incomes D. fees
【题解】B 从题干into my bank account“进入银行账户”理解，可排除其余各选项。
⑵He takes his ____ home to his wife every weekend.
A. wages B. salary C. incomes D. fees
【题解】A 从题干信息every weekend理解，应是 “每日或每周以现金支付的工资”，可排除其余各选项。
⑶Most ticket agencies will charge a small ____.
A .fee B. wage C. pay D. income
【题解】A 从题干will charge a small理解，指的是“专业服务费用”。
5. Many thousands are in want of basic needs；hundreds of thousands of are in want of basic comforts, sir.
先生，好几千人缺乏基本的必需品；无数的人缺乏基本舒适的生活条件。
in want of 缺少；缺乏；需要
【温故知新】
in want of be short of be low in a shortage of
lack a lack of lack of
这几个短语或单词都有“缺少；缺乏；短缺”的意思，在结构中也有不同之处。
in want of是一短语介词，在句子中常用作表语：
We are so well provided that we are not in want of anything. 我们应有尽有，什么也不缺。
short of是一形容词惯用语作表语用：
We are short of cash. 我们现在现金不足
low in是一形容词惯用语作表语用：
Food supplies are running low in the expedition team.
探险队里的食品日益减少。
a shortage of中shortage是一可数名词。
There has been a shortage of teachers.（U12，SBⅢ）
教师一直短缺。
lack是一及物动词；同时也是名词，多作不可数名词，常与of连用；有时前面可加不定冠词。
She lacks the money to buy new shoes. 她没钱买新鞋。
There is no lack of vegetables. 蔬菜不缺。
The disease is spreading fast in Africa and parts of Asia, mainly because of a lack of proper health care,...
因为缺乏卫生保健，这种疾病在非洲和亚洲的部分地区传播很快……。 （U7, SBⅡ）
6. Personally, I don’t care. 我个人是无所谓的。
1）personally是一副词，位于句首时可理解为“就我本人来说”，主语为第一人称；多见用逗号隔离，偶尔也见不用逗号。
Personally, I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him. 就我个人而言，我认为他不诚实，可是有许多人信任他。
Personally, I don't approve of her.
就我本人而言, 我不喜欢她。
She said she didn’t like it, but personally I thought it was very good.
她说她不喜欢，但就我个人而言，我认为非常不错。
在表达主观看法或以示强调时，也常用下列结构：
[能力拓展]
选用下列短语完成句子
in one’s opinion/view that is (to say) in other words
in one’s own words so far as I know in general
⑴In general, Scotland is cold throughout the year.
一般说来，苏格兰终年寒冷。 （U5，BⅡ）
⑵They are all used to their environment; that is, they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.
它们全都习惯于周围的环境，也就是，它们学会了在栖息地繁衍生息。 （U10, BⅠ）
⑶In my opinion, you ought to ask your father’s opinion about your plans. （U14，BⅠ）
依我看，你应当征求爸爸对你计划的意见。
⑷So far as I know, the Natural History Museum is free.
据我所知，这自然历史博物馆是免费的。
⑸In other words, the way tomatoes grow from a natural seed is changed. （U19，BⅠ）
换言之，西红柿从天然种子的生长过程改变了。
2）personally作为强调加强语气时，常位于人称代词之后，其作用相当于一反身代词，意为“本人；亲自”。
I dislike him personally (himself), but I admire his art.
我不喜欢他的为人,但我钦佩他的艺术。
She personally (herself) saw to the comforts of her guests.
她亲自照顾客人。
7. The rich only occupied themselves with making money, and had no eye for the needs and welfare of their workers. 这些有钱人只忙于赚钱，一点也不关注员工们的需要和福利。
1) occupy oneself +in/with (doing) sth连用,意为“忙于做某事；从事于……；专心于……”；＝devote oneself to。
After he has retired, he will occupy himself with gardening.
退休后,他将致力于园艺。
He occupied himself with various research projects.
他终日忙于各种研究计划。
be occupied in doing sth. / with sth. =be busy doing sth. / with sth.忙于做某事;忙于某事
The workers were occupied in building new houses.
工人们正在忙碌着盖新房子。
She is occupied in writing a novel. 她忙于写小说。
2）have an eye for 关注；对……感兴趣；能欣赏/判断/识别出。
Their parents are only concerned about the health of their children but have no eye for their studies.
他们的父母仅仅只关心他们孩子们的身体健康但对他们孩子的学习一点不顾。
She has an eye for beauty. 她很有审美能力。
[能力拓展]
在表达“关心、关注”时，也常用到下列短语：
用所给动词短语的适当形式填空：
⑴Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and it is important to have someone (to care about). （U1,SBⅠ）
⑵The media can often help solve problems and (draw attention to) situations where help is needed.（U2, BⅡ）
⑶Many parents worry about the safety of their children and may also (be concerned about) the cost.（U8, BⅢ）
⑷They (give close attention to) both the content of the discussion and the way that things are said…
(U12, BⅢ)
⑸To our sadness, it is only herself who she (cares for).
8. If quite convenient, sir. 先生，如果方便的话。
这是个省略句,其完整形式为If it is quite convenient to you, sir.
convenient adj. 方便的；合适的
It is convenient for / to sb. to do sth.(对某人而言)做……方便
在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等状语从句中，如果主句从句的主语一致，谓语动词含有系动词be或助动词be，常常把从句中的主语和谓语中的be省略。
While (she was) still a student, she played roles in many plays. （U4, BⅠ）
在她还是一个学生时，就在许多剧中扮演角色。
When (he was) asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success to his wife and children. （U4, BⅠ）
当被问及到他成功的秘密时，史蒂文斯皮尔伯格说他的成功归功于他妻子和孩子们。
You do not need to worry about all these rules while (you are) having dinner with your friends or family. （U6, BⅠ）
在你和朋友或家人进餐时就不必拘泥于这些礼节。
【点击高考】
⑴____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （湖北）
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
【题解】D 本小题非谓语形式考查，the biggest ocean与When compared逻辑关系是被动的，应用过去分词；从句部分是When（it is）compared with the size of the whole earth省略。
⑵When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.” （[2005福建）
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
【题解】D本小题非谓语形式考查，从句完整部分是When （one is）offered help, 逻辑关系是被动的应用过去分词；同样省略了从句中主语和助动词be。
⑶When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ___ at the party, but not _____. （2005北京）
A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave
C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave
【题解】C检查对非谓语动词做宾语的掌握和运用； remember doing记得做过……表完成；remember to do 记住要做……表将来，题干中从句完整部分是When (he was) asked by the police。
⑷While watching television, ____. （2005全国）
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
【题解】C 本小题对句子逻辑概念的考查，题干只有状语部分，完整的从句是While we were watching television,从逻辑关系看可排除A、B项；D项的宾补rings加s错误。
9. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late.
我觉得是因为他走路比以前慢了，最近总是迟到。
1）because 可以引导表语从句。
I think it’s because I criticized him.
我想是因为我批评过他。
It may be because he is our boss and he can talk to us anyway he wants.
也许是因为他是我们老板，爱对我们说什么就说什么。
because和why都可以引导表语从句，区别很大；because强调的是因，而why强调的是果。
He didn’t attend the meeting. That was because he was ill. 他没有出席会议，那是因为他病了。
He was ill. That was why he didn’t attend the meeting.
他病了，那是他没有出席会议的原因。
[能力拓展]
用because或why填空
⑴That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.
⑵Many people like the film very much. It’s because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.
⑶It was because his old car had broken down again.
⑷I spoke of his part in the game. That was because he had done better in it than others.
⑸Music can give us a great deal of pleasure. That is why so many people like it.
2)为了避免重复，he used to后省略了已知信息walk。如
有系动词be, 助动词have的时候, 省略时要保留be或
have。
[能力拓展]
⑴-Would you like to go on with your work this evening?
-Yes, ____.
A. I would like to do B. I would like
C. I would D. I would like to
【题解】 D为了避免重复,承前省略了go on with my work this evening
⑵Our hometown used to be very poor. But now it is not___.
A. what it used to be B. that it used to be
C. what it used to D. that it used to
【题解】A what在从句中充当系动词be的表语, 而that只起连接作用，可排除B、D项；省略了重复出现的内容very poor, 但要保留be。
3）of late =lately =recently 最近
late的用法归类：
latter adj. (两者中)后者的；较后的;
late adj. 迟的；晚期的；已故的
adv. 迟
later adv. 后来
adj. 后期的；晚年的
latest adj. 最近的,最新的
lately adv. 最近；近来
at the latest 至迟
later on 后来
sooner or later 迟早；早晚
[能力拓展]
⑴You need to hand your projects in by Friday ______.
A. at the latest B. sooner or later
C. later on D. at last
【题解】A根据题干理解，at the latest“最迟”符合题意。
⑵Advertising has a lot of advantages. It keeps us ______about the _____products, and also provides entertainment.
A. informed；latest B. to know；latest
C. learning； newest D. to think；newest
【题解】 A keep us 后可接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，先排除B、D项，us与informed构成逻辑上的被动关系；latest强调的是时间距现在“最近的”，the latest products最新产品；newest强调的是性质, 与“旧”相对应。
⑶Her health seemed to have improved _____.
A. ever since B. as usual C. of late D. for ever
【题解】C ever since“从那时到现在”，题干seemed是过去时，可排除；as usual“照常”，for ever“永远；总是”与题意不合；C项of late“最近”贴近题意。
10. …you were studying the language all day long.
……你整天都在学习这门语言。
all day long 整天＝all day＝the whole day
教材中表时间的短语还有许多：
[能力拓展]
根据汉语完成句子
⑴During the next ten years we both worked day and night to pay for it. 在以后的十年期间，我们俩为还债没日没夜地工作。 （U15，BⅠ）
⑵Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games. 每四年，世界各地的运动员都要参加奥运会。 （U8，BⅠ）
⑶For example, do not plant rice year after year in the same fields。
例如在同一块地里不要年年种谷物。（U19，BⅠ）
⑷Scotland is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain.
苏格兰全年较冷，雨水更多。 （U5，BⅡ）
⑸The vast centre of Australia is hot and dry all the year round. （U3，BⅢ）
澳大利亚中部的广大地区一年四季都是炎热而干燥。
⑹We travelled by day. 我们白天赶路。（U6，BⅢ）
⑺Although the styles may change from year to year, jeans never go completely out of fashion. （U15，BⅢ）
虽然每年的时尚都在变，可牛仔裤从来没有过时过。
11. They are more willing to take risks and place themselves in new learning situations.
take/ run a risk / risks冒险
take /run the risk of sth. / doing sth.冒着……的危险
at any risk 无论如何，
无论冒什么危险
at one’s own risk 由自己负责
at risk = in danger 处于危险中
at the risk of sth. / doing sth 冒着……的危险
risk doing sth. 冒险干某事
[能力拓展]
根据汉语完成下列句子，每空一词
⑴他冒着生命危险救了我一命。
He saved my life at the risk of his own.
He took risks of his own life life to save me.
⑵疾病在蔓延，所有五岁以下的小孩都有危险。
The disease is spreading, and all children under 5 are at risk.
⑶他为这次工作的面试做好了准备，因为他不愿意冒险失去这么好的机遇。
He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.
[能力拓展]
用所给短语动词的适当形式填空
take a risk/risks take a chance/chances
take a sip take patience taken a holiday job
take a deep breath take a day off take a bank loan
take an active part take a critical attitude
⑴During the summer I have taken a holiday job in your uncle’s food company.
⑵It takes patience to look after the babies when they cry during the night.
⑶They have to take a bank loan or borrow money from the government, called a student loan.
⑷They took a critical attitude toward the problem at today’s meeting.
⑸The custom of toasting in some parts of China is to finish the drink at once, but Westerners usually take a sip.
⑹I’m afraid you are taking a risk/risks setting sail in such stormy weather.
⑺Don’t take a chance/chances but make full preparations earlier.
⑻He said he was taking a day off. That’s why he had come to see us.
⑼Take a deep breath, and then you may feel relaxed.
⑽I think your parents should take an active part and it helps find out what to do next.
12. …it is probably best to start with a shorter visit.
……那么你最好一开始只作短期的访问。
It is better / best to do sth是一非常有用的句型，可以和You’d better/ best do sth句型转换，只是You’d better句型主观对象更明确，而且一定注意两句型to do sth和do sth原型动词的微小区别。
It is better to say little. 少说为妙。
It is best to contact students who have been abroad to hear about their experiences.
最好联系去过国外的学生听取他们的经验。
My advice is that it's best to forgive and forget.
我的意见最好是不记前嫌。
13. Review the adverbial
状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、以及全句的句子成分。可用作状语的有副词、名词、代词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句等。
[点击高考]
⑴____more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.
A. To find out B. Finding out （2005浙江）
C. Find out D. Having found out
【题解】A不定式作目的状语。
⑵_____and happy, Tommy stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising B. Surprised （2006全国）
C. Being surprised D. To be surprised
【题解】B 形容词作状语。
⑶_____, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. （2005全国）
A. General speaking B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally
【题解】 C评述性状语，常见的类似状语还有considering 考虑到；judging from /by 通过……来判断；to tell the truth 讲实话；to be honest老实说；to be (more) exact更确切地说；to make things worse/worse still/what’s worse糟糕的是。
⑷Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. , their political influence should be very great.
（2006广东）
A. As a result B. As usual C. Even so D. So far
【题解】 C副词词组做状语；根据语境，应该用even so, “虽然如此”。
⑸I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles.____, it’s no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.
（2006湖北）
A. However B. Anyway C. Therefore D. Though
【题解】B在语境中考查副词做状语的用法。根据题干中his business troubles理解，“总之”他欠债已不是秘密了”。
⑹This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, _____.
（2006陕西）
A. how may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. how much may it cost D. however much it may cost
【题解】 D 本题考查让步状语从句，可直接根据句意得出答案D。
14. Review the subjunctive mood
虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,表示说话人的愿望、假设、建议、命令、请求等。
[能力拓展]
1. 句型转换
⑴I didn’t know the result at that time.
→I wish I had known the result at that time.
⑵It’s time for us to take chances to make greater progress. →It’s time that we took chances to make greater progress.
⑶I don’t know his name, so I can’t phone him.
→If I knew his name, I would phone him.
⑷He didn’t tell me his name, so I couldn’t phone him at that time. →If he had told me his name, I would have phoned him at that time.
2. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
⑴I’d rather he were (be) present at this/tomorrow’s
conference.
⑵It is right time(that) you experimented (experiment) with new methods of teaching.
⑶Without the pills, you wouldn’t have had (not have) such a good sleep.
⑷I was busy, or / otherwise I would have joined (join) you
in the picnic.
⑸The boy acted as if he had been (be) to Canada before.
【点击高考】
⑴Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday. (2006全国)
A. was happening B. happens
C. has happened D. happened
⑵-Don’t you think it necessary that he ____ to Miami but to New York?
-I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to. (2005江苏)
A. will not be sent；that B. not be sent；that
C. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what
【题解】在…necessary/important/impossible/proper ＋that clause这一句型结构中，从句要用虚拟语气其结构为should＋原形动词；第二空that在表语从句中仅起连词作用。
【题解】D as if (though)引导的从句一般要用虚拟语气；用动词过去时表达与现在事实相反。句意“……仿佛就像昨天发生的一样”。
⑶He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal. (上海春)
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
【题解】D 从题干hesitated理解，只能是与过去事实相反，可转换成if had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, …从句。
⑷What would have happened ____as far as the river bank?
(2001上海)
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
【题解】C 这是省略了if 的倒装，可复原为if Bob had walked farther。
⑸How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden! (上海春)
A. has B. had D. will have D. had had
【题解】B wish后接宾语从句需用虚拟语气，用动词过去时表达与现在事实相反。
⑹____ be sent to work there? (2002上海)
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
【题解】A suggest(建议) 后接宾语从句需用虚拟语气，从句中的should可省略。B项多一连接词that；do you suggest / think…宾语从句中的连接词(what/which/ when/where等)应位于主句前，故排除C、D项。
实战演练
I. 单项填空
( )1.When I arrived，I saw the place was already _____ by two strangers .
A. occupied B. possessed C. owned D. conquered
【题解】 A句意为“两个陌生人占用了这块地方”。 possess 拥有；具有，own 有；拥有，conquer征服；战胜。
( )2.______, I am in the middle of a meeting.
A.I am not convenient to talk to you
B. Not being convenient to talk to you
C. It isn’t convenient for me to talk to you
D. It isn’t convenient of me to talk to you
【题解】 C (对某人而言)做某事方便, 只能使用句型It is convenient for / to sb. to do sth.。
( )3. I haven’t done anything wrong. I have got a good ____.
A. confidence B. innocence
C. consciousness D. conscience
【题解】 D conscience意为“良心；良知”。have a good /clear conscience 意为“问心无愧”。have no conscience 意为“没良心”。
( )4. When I visited her, she was _____in writing a lecture speech on environment .
A. occupied B. occupying
C. taken up D. absorbing
【题解】 A be occupied in doing sth. / with sth.忙于；从事 take up 拿起；从事, 无被动语态。absorb 吸收。be absorbed in 全神贯注于……。
( )5. _____her answer, so he wrote her another letter.
A. Not having received B. Without receiving
C. He hadn’t received D. Having not received
【题解】 C 此题很容易误选A,看成是分词做状语,但题
干中的连词so提示了此题包含的是两个分句,所以选C。
( )6. Sorry madam, we’re _____ up for supper.
A. closing B. cleaning C. turning D. clearing
【题解】 A close up 关闭, 靠近；clear up 意为“天气转晴”；clean up 意为“整理”；turn up 到达, 出现。
( )7.The illness caused him to ____the rest of his class. He had to work hard to make up for the lost time.
A. falling behind B. fell behind
C. fall behind D. fall behind with
【题解】 C fall behind 意为“落后于”,还有“晚交；拖欠”(房租；付款等)之意。
( )8. They found the people suffering the storm were __ food and water supplies when they got there.
A. in thirsty for B. in charge of
C. in want of D. in place of
【题解】C 题意为“当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要食物和水。” in want of=in need of “需要”；be thirsty for是“渴望得到”；in charge of是“负责”。
( )9. The guide abused at the tourist; _____, he refused
to apologize.
A. make matters worse B. making matters worse
C. to make matters worse D. made matters worse
【题解】C根据句子结构，该题应选不定式用作过渡性词语作状语。句意为“那位导游辱骂了那位游客，更为糟糕的是，他拒绝道歉”。
( )10.Only a few people think we shouldn’t go ahead with this plan because of the____ of failure．
A. future B. pressure C. worry D. risk
【题解】D仅仅少数人认为我们不应该执行这个计划，因为失败的风险很大。future前途；pressure压力；worry担心。
II. 完形填空
How many different kinds of emotions do you feel? You may be 1 to find that it is very hard to specify (详细说明)all of them. Not only are emotional feelings hard to describe in 2 , they are difficult to 3 . As a result, two people 4 agree on all of them. However, there are a number of 5 emotions that most people experience.
When we receive something that we want, or something happens that we like, we usually feel joy or 6 . Joy is a positive and powerful emotion, 7 for which we all strive(奋斗).It is natural to want to be happy, and all of us 8 for happiness. As a general 9 , joy occurs when we reach a 10 goal and obtain a desired object.
11 people often desire different goals and objects, it is 12 that one person may find joy in repairing a car, 13 another may find joy in solving a math problem. Of course, we often share 14 goals or interests, and therefore we can 15 joy together. This may be in sports, in learning, in raising a family, or in just being 16 .
When we have difficulty in obtaining our objects or reaching our goals we experience negative(消极的)emotions, such as anger and grief. When 17 things get in the 18 , we experience minor（较小的）frustrations(挫折)or tensions(紧张). For example, if you are 19 to go out, you may feel frustration when a button falls off. The more difficulty you have in reaching a goal, the more frustrated you may become. If you really want something to happen, and you feel it 20 happen, but someone or something stops it, you may become quite angry.
( )1. A. shocked B. surprised C.terrified D. nervous
( )2. A. English B. Chinese C. words D. books
( )3. A. list B. recognize C. arrange D. say
( )4. A. easily B. rarely C. usually D. always
( )5. A. nice B. new C. vital D. basic
( )6. A. pain B. happiness C. coldness D. warm
( )7. A. one B. and C. thing D. it is
( )8. A. wait B. care C. search D. are late
( )9. A. practice B. rule C. law D. sense
( )10. A. desired B. chosen C. accepted D. final
( )11. A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Except
( )12. A.strange B. interesting
C. funny D. understandable
( )13. A.though B. because C. while D. even if
( )14. A. other B. common C. different D. positive
( )15. A. find B. remember
C. lose D. experience
( )16. A. together B.careful C. different D. alone
( )17. A. great B. little C. some D. horrible
( )18. A. street B. town C. house D. way
( )19. A.forced B. preparing C. dressing D. eager
( )20. A. may B. will C. should D. can
【题解】
1. B 每个人都很熟悉又且时常体验的喜怒哀乐等情绪却又难以一一细述, 确实令人“surprised”(惊讶)。
2. C in words 意为 “用言语”。
3. A 人的情感、情绪不但难以用言语描述,且难以“list”（列表、归类）。
4. B 据上下文和常识选 B。
5. D vital意为 “重大的”。
6. B 当事如人愿时,我们通常当然是感到高兴或幸福。
7. A one作joy的同位语，相当于“an emotion”。
8. C 据句意选C。
9. B as a (general) rule乃一词组，意为“通常，一般来说”
10. A desired “渴望的，想得到的”。 句尾的 “a desired object”也提示了此空选A。
11. C 此状语从句表原因，故可排除A、B、D。
12. D 只有understandable“可以理解的”符合文意。
13. C 句意前后对比，故选while .
14. B 从后文的sports、learning、raising a family可知此空选common“共同的,普通的”较佳。
15. D experience joy “体验快乐”。
16. A 据上文选A。
17. B 小事让你体会小的挫折感和紧张感，大的就不然了。
18. D in the way “挡道”。
19. C 着衣时掉纽扣较为符合逻辑。
20. C 根据文意选“should”。
III.阅读理解
A
Skiing has become a way of life for many people. From the moment the first snowflake（雪花） falls until the spring thaw（融化，解冻）, skiers put their skis on their cars and head for the slopes .There are many reasons behind the popularity of this winter sport.
Skiing is a true family sport that can be enjoyed by all people whether 3 or 93 years old. Being able to go down a hill ,to turn at will, and enjoy nature at its loveliest are pleasant feelings for all age groups.
Skiing is also interesting because it provides a variety of experiences. Snow conditions change hourly as the temperature and weather conditions change during the day .Moreover, every trail is different. Seldom does one pass over the same spot twice.
Improvement in ski equipment, clothing, and ski areas have made the sport more pleasurable, comfortable, and available. Warm light down–filled clothing has replaced layers of heavy sweaters. Ski equipment made with modern materials has made skis and poles lighter, more flexible, and suited to people of all ages and abilities. The availability(可用)of skiing has also been improved by snow –making equipment. Even in areas of the country that have very little snowfall, snow can be made if the temperature is blow 32 degrees.
For many people, skiing is an opportunity to enjoy the beauty of outdoors, to challenge their physical abilities, and, finally to simply have fun. It is a sport enjoyed worldwide and appears to be gaining in popularity constantly.
( )1. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. the advantages and disadvantages of skiing
B. the description of skiing
C. the reasons why skiing is easy today than in the past
D. the reasons why skiing is a popular sport
( )2. The paragraph following this passage probably deals with_____.
A. snow – making B. skiing accidents
C. the cost of skiing D. ski places around the world
( )3. According to the passage, the underlined word “down – filled clothes” most probably means _____.
A. something filled with cotton
B. something filled with feathers
C. something filled with wool
D. something filled with silk
( )4. All of the following can make skiing fun for all ages except____.
A. being able to pass over the same spot twice
B. being able to go down a hill
C. being able to turn at will
D. being able to enjoy nature at its loveliest
【题解】
1. D 由第一段倒数第一句话可知。
2. D从倒数第一段倒数第一句话可知。
3. B羽绒服由其前的warm light 推知。
4. A
B
Water Saving
Faced with the threat of water shortage, Beijing and Shanghai will take effective measures to save water and protect water resources.
Beijing will stick more strictly to water saving policies through the readjustment of industrial structures. Beijing is expected to be short of 1,185 billion cubic meters of water by . Beijing will shut down factories with high water consumption and pollution including electric power, steel and paper manufacturing equipment. Advanced water saving technology will be introduced to new industrial projects in the capital city.
Grain-growing areas will be reduced to save ground water and more trees will be planted. Animal breeding and other “high efficient” agriculture with modern water-saving irrigation methods will be developed.
It is said that water used in agriculture will drop to 35% of the city’s water consumption in from 43% in , and the figure will continue to drop to 28-30 percent in 2020. Beijing will increase the speed of renovation (修复) of its urban water supply equipment. It’s reported that more than 15% of water is lost during distribution (分发). Water –saving equipment and efficient management can save Beijing more than 537 million cubic meters of water by 2010.
Shanghai still faces key problems connected with its water resources and environments. Since 1998, the city has invested nearly 9 million to treat its rivers, especially Suzhou Creek. The city’s rivers have become noticeably clearer since putting it into action.
The government will provide a further million for the treatment of rivers and million to treat sewage (污物).
This year’s task is to improve the water quality at the three ports of Longhua, Yangshupu and Hongkou. Another emphasis to raise the water system is Songjiang New Area with a project worth .8 million .Efforts will be made to improve public awareness about the need to protect water resources.
( )5.Grain-growing areas in Beijing will be reduced because _____ .
A. a lot of ground water will be saved by this means
B. Beijing helps to develop advanced technology
C. highly effective agriculture needs less farmland
D. grain can’t fetch a good price in China
( )6.How much money has Shanghai spent on its rivers ?
A.9.8 B.9 C.3 D.5
( )7.The author wrote this passage to tell us _____.
A. Beijing and Shanghai are short of water
B. to save every drop of water in our daily life
C. big cities like Beijing and Shanghai are trying their best to protect water resources
D. water shortage has become one of the most important problems that China has to deal with
( )8. What is the most important thing for people to do to protect water resources?
A. We should plant more trees and flowers.
B. We should clean the banks of our rivers.
C. The government should invest more money to improve water quality.
D. Public awareness should be improved.
【题解】
5. A 由第三段第一句话可知。
6. B
7. C 第一段概括了文章的大意。
8. D根据文章大意再综合四个选项,只有第四项最佳。
IV. 短文填空
阅读短文，根据所读内容在文后1～10的空格里填上适当的单词或短语。注意：每空不超过3个单词。
The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定量供应)is virtually stopped, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is wide-spread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep rising, when there seems to be so much food about?
The recent food abundance is partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.
But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices begin to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from the trend.
Title: Food and 1.______
Present situation 2.______ Abundance--- stores and shops are overstocked
Food price 3.______ World prices
Keeping rising 4.______
People Feeling 5.____-wondering why consumers can't benefit from food abundance.
Frightened by high prices→6.______
Reasons for food abundance In North America A successful sequence of 7.______.More imported food with lower prices.
8.______ Fast increase in home production.
Reasons for 9____ The government Gradually cutting down 10.______
1. its price 2. Food storage 3. Domestic prices 4. Beginning to fall 5. uneasy and confused
6. buying less (food) 7. three grain harvests 8. In Britain 9. price rising 10. support for food
开心一刻
